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<p>Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a rare genetic disease, causing muscle degeneration due to lack of dystrophin with inadequate muscle regeneration culminating in muscle dysfunction. The N-163 strain of <i>Aureobasidium Pullulans</i> produced Beta-1,3 − 1,6-glucan (Neu REFIX) reported to be safe with anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic efficacy earlier, herein we evaluated its effects on muscle regeneration in <i>mdx</i> mice. Forty-five mice in three groups (<i>n</i> = 15 each): Group 1 (normal), Group 2 (<i>mdx</i> control), and Group 3 (<i>mdx</i> fed Neu REFIX) were evaluated for 45 days. IGF-1, Dystrophin, CD44 and MYH3 in diaphragm, plasma and skeletal muscle were evaluated by ELISA and immunohistochemistry. Mean IGF-1 expression was 20.32% and 16.27% higher in plasma (<i>p</i> = 0.03) and diaphragm respectively in Neu-REFIX group. Mean dystrophin was higher in Neu-REFIX group by 70.3% and 4.7% in diaphragm and plasma respectively than control. H-score intensity of CD44 + was &gt; 2.0 with an MYH3-positivity 20% higher in Neu-REFIX than control. Oral administration of Neu REFIX was safe. Significantly enhanced plasma IGF-1 beside increased Dystrophin, MYH3 and CD44, proving a restoration of muscle regeneration and differentiation, especially in diaphragm, makes us recommend it as a disease modifying adjuvant in both early and advanced stages of DMD.</p>

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Enhanced expression of dystrophin, IGF-1, CD44 and MYH3 in plasma and skeletal muscles including diaphragm of mdx mice after oral administration of Neu REFIX beta 1,3-1,6 glucan

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月28日

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  • Senthilkumar Preethy,
  • Shuji Sakamoto,
  • Takuma Higuchi,
  • Koji Ichiyama,
  • Naoki Yamamoto,
  • Nobunao Ikewaki,
  • Masaru Iwasaki,
  • Vidyasagar Devaprasad Dedeepiya,
  • Subramaniam Srinivasan,
  • Kadalraja Raghavan,
  • Mathaiyan Rajmohan,
  • Rajappa Senthilkumar,
  • Samuel JK Abraham

摘要

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a rare genetic disease, causing muscle degeneration due to lack of dystrophin with inadequate muscle regeneration culminating in muscle dysfunction. The N-163 strain of Aureobasidium Pullulans produced Beta-1,3 − 1,6-glucan (Neu REFIX) reported to be safe with anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic efficacy earlier, herein we evaluated its effects on muscle regeneration in mdx mice. Forty-five mice in three groups (n = 15 each): Group 1 (normal), Group 2 (mdx control), and Group 3 (mdx fed Neu REFIX) were evaluated for 45 days. IGF-1, Dystrophin, CD44 and MYH3 in diaphragm, plasma and skeletal muscle were evaluated by ELISA and immunohistochemistry. Mean IGF-1 expression was 20.32% and 16.27% higher in plasma (p = 0.03) and diaphragm respectively in Neu-REFIX group. Mean dystrophin was higher in Neu-REFIX group by 70.3% and 4.7% in diaphragm and plasma respectively than control. H-score intensity of CD44 + was > 2.0 with an MYH3-positivity 20% higher in Neu-REFIX than control. Oral administration of Neu REFIX was safe. Significantly enhanced plasma IGF-1 beside increased Dystrophin, MYH3 and CD44, proving a restoration of muscle regeneration and differentiation, especially in diaphragm, makes us recommend it as a disease modifying adjuvant in both early and advanced stages of DMD.