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<p>Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is difficult to treat and has a low five-year survival rate. In South Africa, a large percentage of the population still relies on traditional plant-based medicine. To establish the utility of both methanol and water-soluble extracts from the leaves of <i>Tulbaghia violacea</i>, cytotoxicity assays were carried out to establish the IC<sub>50</sub> values against a TNBC cell line. Cell cycle and apoptosis assays were carried out using the extracts. To identify the molecular compounds, present in water-soluble leaf extracts, NMR spectroscopy was performed. Compounds of interest were then used in computational docking studies with the anti-apoptotic protein COX-2. The IC<sub>50</sub> values for the water- and methanol-soluble extracts were determined to be 400 and 820&#xa0;µg/mL, respectively. The water-soluble extract induced apoptosis in the TNBC cell line to a greater extent than in the normal cell line. RNAseq indicated that there was an increase in the transcription of pro-apoptotic genes in the TNBC cell line. The crude extract also caused these cells to stall in the S phase. Of the 61 compounds identified in this extract, five demonstrated a high binding affinity for COX-2. Based on these findings, the compounds within the extract show significant potential for further investigation as candidates for the development of cancer therapeutics, particularly for TNBC.</p>

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The potential of the South African plant Tulbaghia Violacea Harv for the treatment of triple negative breast cancer

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月17日

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  • Mohammed Alaouna,
  • Thulo Molefi,
  • Richard Khanyile,
  • Nkhensani Chauke-Malinga,
  • Aristotelis Chatziioannou,
  • Thifhelimbilu Emmanuel Luvhengo,
  • Maropeng Raletsena,
  • Clement Penny,
  • Rodney Hull,
  • Zodwa Dlamini

摘要

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is difficult to treat and has a low five-year survival rate. In South Africa, a large percentage of the population still relies on traditional plant-based medicine. To establish the utility of both methanol and water-soluble extracts from the leaves of Tulbaghia violacea, cytotoxicity assays were carried out to establish the IC50 values against a TNBC cell line. Cell cycle and apoptosis assays were carried out using the extracts. To identify the molecular compounds, present in water-soluble leaf extracts, NMR spectroscopy was performed. Compounds of interest were then used in computational docking studies with the anti-apoptotic protein COX-2. The IC50 values for the water- and methanol-soluble extracts were determined to be 400 and 820 µg/mL, respectively. The water-soluble extract induced apoptosis in the TNBC cell line to a greater extent than in the normal cell line. RNAseq indicated that there was an increase in the transcription of pro-apoptotic genes in the TNBC cell line. The crude extract also caused these cells to stall in the S phase. Of the 61 compounds identified in this extract, five demonstrated a high binding affinity for COX-2. Based on these findings, the compounds within the extract show significant potential for further investigation as candidates for the development of cancer therapeutics, particularly for TNBC.