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<p>Breast cancer ranks as the second leading reason of cancer mortality among females globally, emphasizing the critical need for novel anticancer treatments. In current work, berberine-zinc oxide conjugated chitosan nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized using various characterization techniques. The cytotoxic effects of CS-ZnO-Ber NPs on MCF-7 cells were assessed using the MTT assay. Also, annexin V-FITC/PI double staining, Hoechst 33,342 staining, caspases-8 and 9 activity assays, and cell cycle analysis were performed. Furthermore, the mRNA levels of <i>Bax</i> and <i>Bcl-2</i> genes were quantified using qPCR. Additionally, cell migration was evaluated using a scratch assay. The IC<sub>50</sub> value of NPs against MCF-7 cells measured 7.41&#xa0;µg/mL. Apoptosis induction in NP-treated cells was confirmed by Annexin V/PI staining, accompanied by the observation of condensed chromatin and fragmented DNA. Moreover, the pro-apoptotic potential of NPs was evidenced by significant increases in caspases-8 and 9 activity and a decreased <i>Bcl-2/Bax</i> ratio. Furthermore, cell cycle arrest at the sub-G1 was noticed in the treated cells. Additionally, the NPs markedly inhibited the migration rate of MCF-7 cells. These findings suggest that CS-ZnO-Ber NPs induce cell-cycle arrest and activate the apoptotic pathways in MCF-7 cells, highlighting their potential as a hopeful therapeutic agent for breast cancer.</p>

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Berberine decorated zinc oxide loaded chitosan nanoparticles a potent anti cancer agent against breast cancer

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月25日

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  • Fatemeh Esnaashari,
  • Hojjatolah Zamani,
  • Hossein Zahmatkesh,
  • Mojtaba Soleimani,
  • Golnesa Amirian Dashtaki,
  • Behnam Rasti

摘要

Breast cancer ranks as the second leading reason of cancer mortality among females globally, emphasizing the critical need for novel anticancer treatments. In current work, berberine-zinc oxide conjugated chitosan nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized using various characterization techniques. The cytotoxic effects of CS-ZnO-Ber NPs on MCF-7 cells were assessed using the MTT assay. Also, annexin V-FITC/PI double staining, Hoechst 33,342 staining, caspases-8 and 9 activity assays, and cell cycle analysis were performed. Furthermore, the mRNA levels of Bax and Bcl-2 genes were quantified using qPCR. Additionally, cell migration was evaluated using a scratch assay. The IC50 value of NPs against MCF-7 cells measured 7.41 µg/mL. Apoptosis induction in NP-treated cells was confirmed by Annexin V/PI staining, accompanied by the observation of condensed chromatin and fragmented DNA. Moreover, the pro-apoptotic potential of NPs was evidenced by significant increases in caspases-8 and 9 activity and a decreased Bcl-2/Bax ratio. Furthermore, cell cycle arrest at the sub-G1 was noticed in the treated cells. Additionally, the NPs markedly inhibited the migration rate of MCF-7 cells. These findings suggest that CS-ZnO-Ber NPs induce cell-cycle arrest and activate the apoptotic pathways in MCF-7 cells, highlighting their potential as a hopeful therapeutic agent for breast cancer.