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<p>Knowledge, attitude, and compliant behavior among diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients in China are suboptimal, highlighting the need for effective health education. This study evaluated a nursing management protocol based on the behavior change wheel (BCW) theory. We enrolled 100 DR patients via convenience sampling (50 per group), all of whom were included in the final intention-to-treat analysis, despite three dropouts (one death in the control group and two lost to follow-up in the experimental group). The control group received conventional nursing care, while the experimental group underwent a BCW-based nursing program. Outcomes included blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), self-efficacy, hospitalization length, and costs. Compared to the control group (8.1%), the experimental group achieved significantly lower HbA1c (6.6%; mean difference -1.5%, <i>p</i> &lt; .001), alongside reduced blood glucose, shorter hospitalization, and lower costs (all <i>p</i> &lt; .05). Additionally, a structured nurse training program based on BCW significantly improved nursing knowledge, with post-test scores increasing by 33.4% (<i>p</i> &lt; .001). Our findings suggest that BCW-based nursing interventions effectively and significantly reduced perioperative glycemic levels and enhanced self-efficacy in DR patients. Furthermore, it facilitated the standardization of nursing management practices. Incorporating BCW-based nursing programs into standard clinical protocols could further strengthen their impact and support healthcare stakeholders in adopting evidence-informed strategies.</p>

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Effect of a behaviour change wheel nursing program on glycaemic control, self-efficacy, and hospitalisation outcomes in patients with diabetic retinopathy

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月29日

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  • Fengrong Chen,
  • Hongying Pan,
  • Yuezhong Wang,
  • Jia Liu,
  • Yuqing Wang,
  • Juanfen Wu

摘要

Knowledge, attitude, and compliant behavior among diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients in China are suboptimal, highlighting the need for effective health education. This study evaluated a nursing management protocol based on the behavior change wheel (BCW) theory. We enrolled 100 DR patients via convenience sampling (50 per group), all of whom were included in the final intention-to-treat analysis, despite three dropouts (one death in the control group and two lost to follow-up in the experimental group). The control group received conventional nursing care, while the experimental group underwent a BCW-based nursing program. Outcomes included blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), self-efficacy, hospitalization length, and costs. Compared to the control group (8.1%), the experimental group achieved significantly lower HbA1c (6.6%; mean difference -1.5%, p < .001), alongside reduced blood glucose, shorter hospitalization, and lower costs (all p < .05). Additionally, a structured nurse training program based on BCW significantly improved nursing knowledge, with post-test scores increasing by 33.4% (p < .001). Our findings suggest that BCW-based nursing interventions effectively and significantly reduced perioperative glycemic levels and enhanced self-efficacy in DR patients. Furthermore, it facilitated the standardization of nursing management practices. Incorporating BCW-based nursing programs into standard clinical protocols could further strengthen their impact and support healthcare stakeholders in adopting evidence-informed strategies.