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<p>Acute postoperative pain represents a significant clinical challenge, yet its underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. A previous study found that PD-1/PD-L1can relieve chronic pain. Mechanical withdrawal thresholds (MWT) and thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) were quantified in rats at baseline (pre-incision) and at postoperative timepoints of 2, 8, and 24&#xa0;h. Concurrently, PD-1/PD-L1 expression levels and neuroinflammatory markers were assessed at the 24-hour terminal timepoint. PD-1 inhibitors and agonists were administered via intrathecal injection immediately after surgical incision and at 12&#xa0;h postoperatively, respectively. It was found that incision surgery resulted in significant postoperative pain accompanied by upregulation of PD-1/PD-L1 and neuroinflammation. Inhibition of PD-1 expression could further exacerbate acute postoperative pain by upregulating neuroinflammation, whereas upregulation of PD-1 expression could alleviate acute postoperative pain by inhibiting neuroinflammation. Activation of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway relieves acute postoperative pain induced by plantar incision. This may be a therapeutic target for acute postoperative pain.</p>

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PD-1/PD-L1 pathway relieves incision induced acute postoperative pain via inhibiting the neuroinflammation in dorsal root ganglion of rats

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月17日

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  • Honglei Zhang,
  • Yi Wang,
  • Shiwei Wen,
  • Jing Li

摘要

Acute postoperative pain represents a significant clinical challenge, yet its underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. A previous study found that PD-1/PD-L1can relieve chronic pain. Mechanical withdrawal thresholds (MWT) and thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) were quantified in rats at baseline (pre-incision) and at postoperative timepoints of 2, 8, and 24 h. Concurrently, PD-1/PD-L1 expression levels and neuroinflammatory markers were assessed at the 24-hour terminal timepoint. PD-1 inhibitors and agonists were administered via intrathecal injection immediately after surgical incision and at 12 h postoperatively, respectively. It was found that incision surgery resulted in significant postoperative pain accompanied by upregulation of PD-1/PD-L1 and neuroinflammation. Inhibition of PD-1 expression could further exacerbate acute postoperative pain by upregulating neuroinflammation, whereas upregulation of PD-1 expression could alleviate acute postoperative pain by inhibiting neuroinflammation. Activation of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway relieves acute postoperative pain induced by plantar incision. This may be a therapeutic target for acute postoperative pain.