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<p>Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) is increasingly recognised as essential for achieving net zero emissions to limit the impacts of climate change. Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement (OAE) presents a potentially scalable marine CDR (mCDR) technique. Here we report on the first OAE field trial in Australia, conducted at a coastal site in Tasmania using continuous addition of aqueous sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The resulting plume of modified seawater was effectively tracked, and changes in surface carbonate chemistry were quantified using a containerised laboratory. At the point of NaOH release, partial pressure of CO<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(_2\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> (<i>p</i>CO<InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(_2\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) decreased by up to 370 <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mu\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>atm with alkalinity increasing by approximately 545 <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mu\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>mol kg<InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(^{-1}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Maximum downstream decreases in <i>p</i>CO<InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(_2\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> ranged from 22 to 77 <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mu\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>atm, corresponding to signal strengths of &lt; 1 - 5<InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\%\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. This small-scale field trial confirmed that the dispersion of a plume of modified seawater occurs rapidly and within meters of the site of addition, and that with appropriate tools, these changes can be measured directly in a coastal ocean location. These results suggest that the deployment of shore-based OAE, in combination with local coastal infrastructure and regional models, have potential as an mCDR approach.</p>

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Alkalinity enhancement with sodium hydroxide in coastal ocean waters

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月12日

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  • Cathryn A. Wynn-Edwards,
  • Wayne D.N. Dillon,
  • John Akl,
  • Craig Neill,
  • Harris J. Anderson,
  • Hui Sheng Lim,
  • Mathieu Mongin,
  • Elizabeth H. Shadwick

摘要

Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) is increasingly recognised as essential for achieving net zero emissions to limit the impacts of climate change. Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement (OAE) presents a potentially scalable marine CDR (mCDR) technique. Here we report on the first OAE field trial in Australia, conducted at a coastal site in Tasmania using continuous addition of aqueous sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The resulting plume of modified seawater was effectively tracked, and changes in surface carbonate chemistry were quantified using a containerised laboratory. At the point of NaOH release, partial pressure of CO \(_2\) (pCO \(_2\) ) decreased by up to 370 \(\mu\) atm with alkalinity increasing by approximately 545 \(\mu\) mol kg \(^{-1}\) . Maximum downstream decreases in pCO \(_2\) ranged from 22 to 77 \(\mu\) atm, corresponding to signal strengths of < 1 - 5 \(\%\) . This small-scale field trial confirmed that the dispersion of a plume of modified seawater occurs rapidly and within meters of the site of addition, and that with appropriate tools, these changes can be measured directly in a coastal ocean location. These results suggest that the deployment of shore-based OAE, in combination with local coastal infrastructure and regional models, have potential as an mCDR approach.