<p>In recent years, global disasters have occurred frequently, and the continuous occurrence of urban rain and flood disasters has attracted the attention of the government and people from all walks of life. Therefore, it is necessary to study the evolution mechanism of urban flood control and disaster relief based on edge computing and the resilience concept. Meanwhile, it should establish an effective prevention and control system and governance mechanism. This work first constructs an urban flood disaster system based on the evolutionary resilience concept, systems theory, and synergetic theory, and explores the system structure and dynamic process. Then, the edge computing-based unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) equipment is adopted to simulate UAV clusters’ three-dimensional deployment and resource scheduling. The Frames Per Second value of accurate monitoring in flood disasters is directly related to its algorithm, camera parameters, and hardware computing power. Finally, the edge computing function of intelligent devices combined with the UAV’s operation is employed to analyze some network performance tuning methods and the impact of deployment accuracy and speed during urban flood deployment. The experiment proves that the disaster prevention system based on the resilience concept can quickly improve the urban flood warning, dispatching, and emergency platform, and respond to the increasingly serious flood situation with intelligent technical means. Intelligent edge devices, such as UAVs, can flexibly provide more flood information and sufficient computing resources for ground rescue equipment to form a parallel computing system. Moreover, they can realize the statistics of the number of people on the mobile terminal and give the operation processes and precautions during system building, model conversion, file compilation, and model tuning.</p>