<p>This paper explores the mechanism of passengers’ spatial perceptions that influence their non-adaptive evacuation behavior in railway stations. Based on environment-behavior theory and S-O-R theory, it selects spatial perception, security atmosphere, group panic, and non-adaptive evacuation behavior as potential variables. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey and analyzed by applying AMOS software to build a structural equation model. The results show that spatial perception has a significant positive effect on non-adaptive evacuation behavior. security atmosphere and group panic play a moderating role in it. Spatial perception has a positive effect on non-adaptive evacuation behavior through the mediating role of group panic, while spatial perception has a negative effect on non-adaptive evacuation behavior through the mediating role of a safe atmosphere. To reduce the occurrence of non-adaptive evacuation behavior, the construction of a security atmosphere can be strengthened; efforts can be made to appease the group’s emotions. And appropriately reduce the spatial perception of travelers in critical moments.</p>