Optimizing entropy generation in MHD Maxwell dusty nanofluid flow via nanoparticle radius and inter-particle spacing on an inclined stretching sheet
摘要
This study presents a numerical investigation of entropy generation in a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of a Maxwell dusty nanofluid over an inclined stretching sheet, with a focused analysis on the previously overlooked parameters of nanoparticle radius and inter-particle spacing. The model incorporates the effects of viscous dissipation and thermal buoyancy on the flow dynamics. The governing partial differential equations are transformed into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations via similarity transformations and solved computationally using MATLAB’s bvp4c solver, with validation against published results confirming high accuracy. The findings quantitatively show that nanoscale particle geometry is a key factor influencing thermal performance and irreversibility. A reduction in the nanoparticle radius from 3.6 nm to 1.6 nm under standard conditions (