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<p><i>Salmonella</i> Gallinarum infections (fowl typhoid) cause significant production as well economic losses. We isolated and characterized (viability in simulated gastric fluid and simulated intestinal fluids, host-range, and genomic sequencing) four <i>Salmonella</i> Gallinarum phages to create a phage-based treatment for <i>Salmonella</i> Gallinarum infections in chickens. The phages were distinct based on genomic sequencing and effectively lysed <i>Salmonella</i> Gallinarum strains isolated from diseased chickens in Pakistan. Chicks (7&#xa0;day-old) were challenged with <i>Salmonella</i> Gallinarum and treated with encapsulated phages or unprotected phages. At 1 and 4 d post-challenge (dpc), cecal <i>Salmonella</i> concentrations of chicks treated with unprotected (4.36 ± 0.20, and 4.02 ± 0.15 log<sub>10</sub> CFU/g, respectively) and encapsulated phages (5.05 ± 0.22, and 3.26 ± 0.62 log<sub>10</sub> CFU/g, respectively) were significantly lower (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) than those of untreated chicks (5.71 ± 0.13, and 4.65 ± 0.08 log<sub>10</sub> CFU/g, respectively). In a second animal trial, chicks were challenged with <i>Salmonella</i> Gallinarum but also treated with mixture (1:1) of encapsulated and unprotected phages. At 4 dpc, concentrations of <i>Salmonella</i> Gallinarum in the ceca of chicks treated with any form of phage were significantly lower than those of untreated chicks. At 7 dpc, however, concentrations of <i>Salmonella</i> Gallinarum in the ceca of chicks treated with the mixture of unprotected and encapsulated phages (2.40 ± 0.55 log<sub>10</sub> CFU/g) were significantly lower (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) than those of chicks in all other treatment groups. Taken together, these data indicate that phage treatment reduces concentrations of <i>Salmonella</i> Gallinarum in experimentally-challenged chickens.</p>

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Reduction of Salmonella gallinarum in poultry with phage-based interventions

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月13日

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  • Saud ur Rehman,
  • Hafsa Tariq,
  • Audrey Evans,
  • Iqra Nazir,
  • Varisra Upatising,
  • Shafiq ur Rehman,
  • Zafar Hayat,
  • Tatum Pencek,
  • Kristen Yamate,
  • Paul Ebner

摘要

Salmonella Gallinarum infections (fowl typhoid) cause significant production as well economic losses. We isolated and characterized (viability in simulated gastric fluid and simulated intestinal fluids, host-range, and genomic sequencing) four Salmonella Gallinarum phages to create a phage-based treatment for Salmonella Gallinarum infections in chickens. The phages were distinct based on genomic sequencing and effectively lysed Salmonella Gallinarum strains isolated from diseased chickens in Pakistan. Chicks (7 day-old) were challenged with Salmonella Gallinarum and treated with encapsulated phages or unprotected phages. At 1 and 4 d post-challenge (dpc), cecal Salmonella concentrations of chicks treated with unprotected (4.36 ± 0.20, and 4.02 ± 0.15 log10 CFU/g, respectively) and encapsulated phages (5.05 ± 0.22, and 3.26 ± 0.62 log10 CFU/g, respectively) were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than those of untreated chicks (5.71 ± 0.13, and 4.65 ± 0.08 log10 CFU/g, respectively). In a second animal trial, chicks were challenged with Salmonella Gallinarum but also treated with mixture (1:1) of encapsulated and unprotected phages. At 4 dpc, concentrations of Salmonella Gallinarum in the ceca of chicks treated with any form of phage were significantly lower than those of untreated chicks. At 7 dpc, however, concentrations of Salmonella Gallinarum in the ceca of chicks treated with the mixture of unprotected and encapsulated phages (2.40 ± 0.55 log10 CFU/g) were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than those of chicks in all other treatment groups. Taken together, these data indicate that phage treatment reduces concentrations of Salmonella Gallinarum in experimentally-challenged chickens.