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<p>With global climate change, extremely high temperatures are occurring frequently during summer, seriously affecting development of the apple industry. Heat-shock factors (HSFs) are important signaling proteins for plants to respond to heat stress. However, research on the effects of the apple <i>HSF</i> gene on the regulation of heat-stress tolerance is lacking. In this study, we analyzed the expression and function of <i>MdHSFA2</i>, an <i>HSF</i>, in apples. The <i>MdHSFA2</i> expression level significantly increased under heat treatment, and <i>Arabidopsis</i> overexpressing MdHSFA2 showed significantly higher tolerance than that in the WT plants. In addition, we found that apple <i>MdGolS4/6</i> had the highest expression levels among the eight <i>MdGolSs</i> under heat treatment. Using electrophoretic mobility shift (EMSA) and dual-luciferase assays, we found that MdHSFA2 could directly bind to the <i>MdGols4</i> promoter region thereby promoting transcription. <i>MdGolS4</i> overexpression in Arabidopsis enhances heat-stress tolerance. Our findings suggest that MdHSFA2 directly promotes <i>MdGolS4</i> transcription, thereby enhancing heat-stress tolerance in apples. These results enhance our understanding of heat-stress tolerance mechanisms.</p>

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MdHSFA2 enhances heat stress tolerance through promoting the MdGolS4 transcription in apple

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月10日

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  • Mohan Li,
  • Xiaoshuang Zhang,
  • Dongliang Zuo,
  • Junkai Wu,
  • Libin Zhang,
  • Xiao Xiao,
  • Libo Xing,
  • Chenguang Zhang

摘要

With global climate change, extremely high temperatures are occurring frequently during summer, seriously affecting development of the apple industry. Heat-shock factors (HSFs) are important signaling proteins for plants to respond to heat stress. However, research on the effects of the apple HSF gene on the regulation of heat-stress tolerance is lacking. In this study, we analyzed the expression and function of MdHSFA2, an HSF, in apples. The MdHSFA2 expression level significantly increased under heat treatment, and Arabidopsis overexpressing MdHSFA2 showed significantly higher tolerance than that in the WT plants. In addition, we found that apple MdGolS4/6 had the highest expression levels among the eight MdGolSs under heat treatment. Using electrophoretic mobility shift (EMSA) and dual-luciferase assays, we found that MdHSFA2 could directly bind to the MdGols4 promoter region thereby promoting transcription. MdGolS4 overexpression in Arabidopsis enhances heat-stress tolerance. Our findings suggest that MdHSFA2 directly promotes MdGolS4 transcription, thereby enhancing heat-stress tolerance in apples. These results enhance our understanding of heat-stress tolerance mechanisms.