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<p>This study examines the effect of biodiesel derived from waste cooking oil, blended with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), on the performance and emissions of a compression ignition engine. Experiments were conducted at torque levels of 2, 4, and 6&#xa0;Nm, with the results compared to those of conventional petroleum diesel. Key performance parameters brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC), brake-specific energy consumption (BSEC), brake thermal efficiency (BTE), and engine noise—were analyzed alongside emissions, including hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter (PM), carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>), and nitrogen oxides (NOx). Biodiesel alone reduced brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) by 19.5%, brake-specific energy consumption (BSEC) by 5.9%, and brake thermal efficiency (BTE) by 5.8%. SWCNT additives moderated these reductions to 10.7%, 0.71%, and 3.7%, while MWCNTs showed reductions of 14.7%, 4.1%, and 6.4%. Emission analysis revealed substantial decreases in HC, CO, and PM (up to 89% for biodiesel, 95% for SWCNTs, and 96% for MWCNTs). However, CO<sub>2</sub> and NOx emissions increased significantly—by up to 39.9% and 79.9% with biodiesel, 55.9% and 62.2% with SWCNTs, and 50.2% and 59.9% with MWCNTs.The findings indicate that while biodiesel and CNT additives enhance engine efficiency and reduce certain pollutants, their trade-offs in CO<sub>2</sub> and NOx emissions necessitate further efforts to achieve a sustainable balance between performance and environmental impact.</p>

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Performance and emission characteristics of waste cooking oil biodiesel blends in sustainable fuel applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月8日

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  • J. Mohammed Azarudeen,
  • M. Anish,
  • L. Ganesh Babu,
  • A. R. Sivaram,
  • N. Punitha,
  • Karthick Muniyappan,
  • Jayant Giri,
  • Mohammad Kanan,
  • Jayaprabakar Jayaraman,
  • S. Baskar

摘要

This study examines the effect of biodiesel derived from waste cooking oil, blended with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), on the performance and emissions of a compression ignition engine. Experiments were conducted at torque levels of 2, 4, and 6 Nm, with the results compared to those of conventional petroleum diesel. Key performance parameters brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC), brake-specific energy consumption (BSEC), brake thermal efficiency (BTE), and engine noise—were analyzed alongside emissions, including hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter (PM), carbon dioxide (CO2), and nitrogen oxides (NOx). Biodiesel alone reduced brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) by 19.5%, brake-specific energy consumption (BSEC) by 5.9%, and brake thermal efficiency (BTE) by 5.8%. SWCNT additives moderated these reductions to 10.7%, 0.71%, and 3.7%, while MWCNTs showed reductions of 14.7%, 4.1%, and 6.4%. Emission analysis revealed substantial decreases in HC, CO, and PM (up to 89% for biodiesel, 95% for SWCNTs, and 96% for MWCNTs). However, CO2 and NOx emissions increased significantly—by up to 39.9% and 79.9% with biodiesel, 55.9% and 62.2% with SWCNTs, and 50.2% and 59.9% with MWCNTs.The findings indicate that while biodiesel and CNT additives enhance engine efficiency and reduce certain pollutants, their trade-offs in CO2 and NOx emissions necessitate further efforts to achieve a sustainable balance between performance and environmental impact.