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<p>Cell patterning technology faces critical limitations in dynamic control, biocompatibility, and structural stability for reconstructing native tissues. Here, we establish an acoustic-hydrogel integration strategy that overcomes these challenges through synergistic physical-biological programming. Experimental validation using particle/red blood cells-patterned hydrogels demonstrated exceptional structural stability under physiological conditions. Fiber-optic spectroscopic sensing technology enabled long-term monitoring of the ex vivo deoxygenation process in patterned red blood cells. The “pattern-and-lock” paradigm fundamentally resolves the stability-biocompatibility trade-off by decoupling acoustic manipulation from hydrogel curing. Its translational significance spans precision transfusion platforms for red blood cells functionality screening and label-free microtissue models capturing dynamic metabolic processes. By converging acoustic programmability with hydrogel biofunctionality, this work provides a scalable biomanufacturing platform validated for next-generation tissue models and clinical diagnostics.</p>

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A pattern and lock strategy integrating acoustic patterning and hydrogel crosslinking for stable cell architectures

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月22日

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  • Chenghao Sun,
  • Boxiao Xu,
  • Liang Huang,
  • Wenzhen Zhang

摘要

Cell patterning technology faces critical limitations in dynamic control, biocompatibility, and structural stability for reconstructing native tissues. Here, we establish an acoustic-hydrogel integration strategy that overcomes these challenges through synergistic physical-biological programming. Experimental validation using particle/red blood cells-patterned hydrogels demonstrated exceptional structural stability under physiological conditions. Fiber-optic spectroscopic sensing technology enabled long-term monitoring of the ex vivo deoxygenation process in patterned red blood cells. The “pattern-and-lock” paradigm fundamentally resolves the stability-biocompatibility trade-off by decoupling acoustic manipulation from hydrogel curing. Its translational significance spans precision transfusion platforms for red blood cells functionality screening and label-free microtissue models capturing dynamic metabolic processes. By converging acoustic programmability with hydrogel biofunctionality, this work provides a scalable biomanufacturing platform validated for next-generation tissue models and clinical diagnostics.