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<p><i>Pimenta racemosa</i> var. recemosa (Mill.) J. W. Moore is an aromatic plant belonging to the family Myrtaceae, native to Venezuela, Puerto Rico, and Jamaica and well-known for its traditional and medicinal uses. Our study was designated to explore the chemical composition of essential oil isolated from <i>P. racemosa</i> leaves growing in Egypt <i>via</i> Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, alongside investigation of its antioxidant properties and enzyme inhibitory activities against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), tyrosinase, <i>α</i>-glucosidase, and <i>α</i>-amylase. The GC-MS analysis of the leaf oil revealed the presence of fourteen compounds (99.76%), predominated by eugenol (70.87%), <i>β</i>-myrcene (12.88%) and D-limonene (8.35%). The oil demonstrated the highest antioxidant capability in ferric ion-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP; 1506.62&#xa0;mg TE/g), followed by 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS; 1346.85&#xa0;mg TE/g), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH; 1032.83&#xa0;mg TE/g) and cupric-reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC; 1001.03&#xa0;mg TE/g). Further, it showed a metal chelating ability (MCA) of 25.63&#xa0;mg EDTAE/, and phosphomolybdenum (PBD) activity of 209.59 mmol TE/g. The oil displayed significant AChE and BChE inhibitory activities, with values of 1.96&#xa0;mg GALAE/g and 1.42&#xa0;mg GALAE/g, respectively. Additionally, it exhibited a moderate level of tyrosinase inhibitory activity (38.83&#xa0;mg KAE/g) and a significantly higher α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (2.38 mmol ACAE/g) than α-amylase (0.08 mmol ACAE/g). Consequently, the leaf oil of&#xa0;<i>Pimenta racemosa</i> could be used as adjuvant therapy for management of oxidative stress-related conditions and chronic diseases such as Alzheimer’s, diabetes mellitus, and skin pigmentation. However, further toxicological, <i>in vivo</i> and clinical studies are recommended.</p>

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Chemical profile of essential oil from Pimenta racemosa leaves, antioxidant potential, and its enzyme inhibitory properties

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月21日

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  • Omayma A. Eldahshan,
  • Nilofar Nilofar,
  • Gokhan Zengin,
  • Heba A. S. El-Nashar

摘要

Pimenta racemosa var. recemosa (Mill.) J. W. Moore is an aromatic plant belonging to the family Myrtaceae, native to Venezuela, Puerto Rico, and Jamaica and well-known for its traditional and medicinal uses. Our study was designated to explore the chemical composition of essential oil isolated from P. racemosa leaves growing in Egypt via Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, alongside investigation of its antioxidant properties and enzyme inhibitory activities against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), tyrosinase, α-glucosidase, and α-amylase. The GC-MS analysis of the leaf oil revealed the presence of fourteen compounds (99.76%), predominated by eugenol (70.87%), β-myrcene (12.88%) and D-limonene (8.35%). The oil demonstrated the highest antioxidant capability in ferric ion-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP; 1506.62 mg TE/g), followed by 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS; 1346.85 mg TE/g), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH; 1032.83 mg TE/g) and cupric-reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC; 1001.03 mg TE/g). Further, it showed a metal chelating ability (MCA) of 25.63 mg EDTAE/, and phosphomolybdenum (PBD) activity of 209.59 mmol TE/g. The oil displayed significant AChE and BChE inhibitory activities, with values of 1.96 mg GALAE/g and 1.42 mg GALAE/g, respectively. Additionally, it exhibited a moderate level of tyrosinase inhibitory activity (38.83 mg KAE/g) and a significantly higher α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (2.38 mmol ACAE/g) than α-amylase (0.08 mmol ACAE/g). Consequently, the leaf oil of Pimenta racemosa could be used as adjuvant therapy for management of oxidative stress-related conditions and chronic diseases such as Alzheimer’s, diabetes mellitus, and skin pigmentation. However, further toxicological, in vivo and clinical studies are recommended.