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<p><i>Callerya Atropurpurea</i> shells were utilized as activated carbon precursors in a one-stage activation process at 700&#xa0;°C using H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, NaOH and KOH as activating agents. Herein, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were produced via self-doping using urea as a nitrogen source. The structural, functional, and morphological properties of the doped active materials were examined using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The elemental composition was conducted using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and surface sensitivity was determined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques. The surface properties showed that the nitrogen-doped CQDs produced good crystallinity with an abundance of nitrogen heteroatoms attached to the surface, facilitating the conductivity of the devices. The electrodes of NCQDs-1, NCQDs-2 and NCQDs-3 were prepared and used for the fabrication of asymmetric and symmetric supercapacitor electrodes. The NCQDs-3 electrode used in the asymmetric and symmetrical devices showed a higher specific capacitance of 22&#xa0;F/g at a current density of 0.5&#xa0;A/g. Also, the NCQDs-3 electrode achieved the highest coulombic efficiency of 98% and a capacitive retention of 99% even after 1000 GCD cycles.</p>

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Callerya Atropurpurea shells derived nitrogen doped carbon quantum dots of electrodes for symmetrical and asymmetrical supercapacitors

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月18日

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  • Abdulrahman Oyekanmi Adeleke,
  • Mohd Arif Dar,
  • Temitope T. Dele-Afolabi,
  • R. C. Omar,
  • Rasykin Roslan,
  • Akil Ahmad,
  • Ebrahim Mahmoudi,
  • Chua Siew Fen,
  • Ali Orozi Sougui,
  • Mohammed B. Alshammari

摘要

Callerya Atropurpurea shells were utilized as activated carbon precursors in a one-stage activation process at 700 °C using H2SO4, NaOH and KOH as activating agents. Herein, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were produced via self-doping using urea as a nitrogen source. The structural, functional, and morphological properties of the doped active materials were examined using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The elemental composition was conducted using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and surface sensitivity was determined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques. The surface properties showed that the nitrogen-doped CQDs produced good crystallinity with an abundance of nitrogen heteroatoms attached to the surface, facilitating the conductivity of the devices. The electrodes of NCQDs-1, NCQDs-2 and NCQDs-3 were prepared and used for the fabrication of asymmetric and symmetric supercapacitor electrodes. The NCQDs-3 electrode used in the asymmetric and symmetrical devices showed a higher specific capacitance of 22 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g. Also, the NCQDs-3 electrode achieved the highest coulombic efficiency of 98% and a capacitive retention of 99% even after 1000 GCD cycles.