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<p>Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15) is recognized as a biomarker of cardiovascular disease, but its role in atherosclerosis remains unclear. Here, we investigated the role of GDF15 in atherosclerosis by crossing GDF15-deficient mice with LDLr<sup>−/−</sup> mice. Male GDF15<sup>−/−</sup> LDLr<sup>−/−</sup> mice fed a Western diet developed less atherosclerotic lesions than littermate controls despite exhibiting a pro-obesogenic phenotype, whereas GDF15 deficiency did not affect metabolism or lesion development in females. Plasma GDF15 levels were higher in male LDLr<sup>−/−</sup> mice than in females but were comparable to those measured in ovariectomized LDLr<sup>−/−</sup> females. Importantly, ovariectomy in females induced metabolic and vascular phenotypes similar to those of GDF15<sup>−/−</sup> LDLr<sup>−/−</sup> males, while gonadectomy in males had no effect, emphasizing the role of female steroid hormones in GDF15-related sexual dimorphism. These findings highlight the sex-specific effects of GDF15 on metabolism and atherosclerosis, underscoring the importance of sex and hormonal status in cardiometabolic disease management.</p>

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Sex steroid hormones drive dimorphic responses in GDF15-deficient mouse models of cardiometabolic diseases

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月26日

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  • Morgane Davezac,
  • Mélissa Buscato,
  • Rana Zahreddine,
  • Faustine Darnaud,
  • Pauline Auriol,
  • Marine Adlanmerini,
  • Pierre Gourdy,
  • Jean-François Arnal,
  • Françoise Lenfant,
  • Coralie Fontaine

摘要

Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15) is recognized as a biomarker of cardiovascular disease, but its role in atherosclerosis remains unclear. Here, we investigated the role of GDF15 in atherosclerosis by crossing GDF15-deficient mice with LDLr−/− mice. Male GDF15−/− LDLr−/− mice fed a Western diet developed less atherosclerotic lesions than littermate controls despite exhibiting a pro-obesogenic phenotype, whereas GDF15 deficiency did not affect metabolism or lesion development in females. Plasma GDF15 levels were higher in male LDLr−/− mice than in females but were comparable to those measured in ovariectomized LDLr−/− females. Importantly, ovariectomy in females induced metabolic and vascular phenotypes similar to those of GDF15−/− LDLr−/− males, while gonadectomy in males had no effect, emphasizing the role of female steroid hormones in GDF15-related sexual dimorphism. These findings highlight the sex-specific effects of GDF15 on metabolism and atherosclerosis, underscoring the importance of sex and hormonal status in cardiometabolic disease management.