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<p>The advent of click chemistry has significantly accelerated the synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles, key structures found in numerous biologically active and pharmaceutical compounds. Click reactions can be notably enhanced by employing ultrasonic irradiation and supported catalysts. Herein, we present an eco-friendly catalyst composed of natural biopolymers, chitosan and shilajit, designed to facilitate a click chemistry protocol under ultrasonic conditions at room temperature. The catalyst was characterized via FTIR, XRD, TGA, EDX, and SEM analyses, confirming the successful immobilization of copper species onto the polymer supports. This method offers several advantages, including the use of water as a green solvent, elimination of reducing agents, high catalytic efficiency, short reaction times, cost-effectiveness, and excellent catalyst recyclability.</p>

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Ultrasound-assisted green synthesis of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles using natural polymer supports

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月5日

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  • Khatereh Haseli,
  • Maryam Esmkhani,
  • Shahrzad Javanshir

摘要

The advent of click chemistry has significantly accelerated the synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles, key structures found in numerous biologically active and pharmaceutical compounds. Click reactions can be notably enhanced by employing ultrasonic irradiation and supported catalysts. Herein, we present an eco-friendly catalyst composed of natural biopolymers, chitosan and shilajit, designed to facilitate a click chemistry protocol under ultrasonic conditions at room temperature. The catalyst was characterized via FTIR, XRD, TGA, EDX, and SEM analyses, confirming the successful immobilization of copper species onto the polymer supports. This method offers several advantages, including the use of water as a green solvent, elimination of reducing agents, high catalytic efficiency, short reaction times, cost-effectiveness, and excellent catalyst recyclability.