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<p>2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is a synthetic herbicide used to control weeds and enhance agricultural productivity. However, it is toxic and carcinogenic, posing significant risks to environmental pollution and human health. This study investigates the effectiveness of TiO<sub>2</sub>–CuO–clay soil nanocomposites in the photocatalytic degradation of pesticides from Ziway Lake and industrial wastewater. The two sets of composites were synthesized with different concentrations of TiO<sub>2</sub>–CuO–clay soil: the first with a ratio of 2:3:7 (TiO<sub>2</sub>, CuO and clay soil), and the second with a ratio of 4:3:5 (TiO<sub>2</sub>, CuO and clay soil). The mixture was treated with microwave digestion at 150&#xa0;°C for 10&#xa0;min, followed by filtration and calcination at 720&#xa0;°C for 6&#xa0;h in a muffle furnace. The morphology and the particle size of the nanocomposites were characterized using XRD, SEM, FTIR and BET techniques. The pesticide degradation from Ziway Lake and pesticide factory effluents was carried out using a UV–vis spectroscopy lamp with a wavelength of 280&#xa0;nm, with samples retained for 2, 5, 7, and 9&#xa0;h. The removal efficiency of 2,4 D was then analyzed by HPLC. The results revealed that the degradation efficiency of TiO<sub>2</sub>–CuO–clay soil composite was 96.18% and 99.84% for surface water and pesticide factory effluent, respectively. The removal efficiency increased with longer contact duration, higher light intensity, and greater composite concentrations. The study demonstrates that TiO<sub>2</sub>–CuO–clay soil composites were an effective technology for pesticide degradation in surface water and industrial wastewater.</p>

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Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid from freshwater and industrial wastewater using TiO2–CuO–clay soil nanocomposites

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月25日

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  • Sisay Demissie Geda,
  • Tadesse Alemu Terfie,
  • Mekonnen Abebayehu Desta

摘要

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is a synthetic herbicide used to control weeds and enhance agricultural productivity. However, it is toxic and carcinogenic, posing significant risks to environmental pollution and human health. This study investigates the effectiveness of TiO2–CuO–clay soil nanocomposites in the photocatalytic degradation of pesticides from Ziway Lake and industrial wastewater. The two sets of composites were synthesized with different concentrations of TiO2–CuO–clay soil: the first with a ratio of 2:3:7 (TiO2, CuO and clay soil), and the second with a ratio of 4:3:5 (TiO2, CuO and clay soil). The mixture was treated with microwave digestion at 150 °C for 10 min, followed by filtration and calcination at 720 °C for 6 h in a muffle furnace. The morphology and the particle size of the nanocomposites were characterized using XRD, SEM, FTIR and BET techniques. The pesticide degradation from Ziway Lake and pesticide factory effluents was carried out using a UV–vis spectroscopy lamp with a wavelength of 280 nm, with samples retained for 2, 5, 7, and 9 h. The removal efficiency of 2,4 D was then analyzed by HPLC. The results revealed that the degradation efficiency of TiO2–CuO–clay soil composite was 96.18% and 99.84% for surface water and pesticide factory effluent, respectively. The removal efficiency increased with longer contact duration, higher light intensity, and greater composite concentrations. The study demonstrates that TiO2–CuO–clay soil composites were an effective technology for pesticide degradation in surface water and industrial wastewater.