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<p>A cohort investigation evaluated patient demographic information together with microbial detection patterns and antimicrobial drug resistance in a total group of 2,098 patients. Results showed an equally distributed sample consisting of 51.8% inpatients matched with 47.2% outpatients. In comparison, females comprised 51.8% of the total participants, and most patients fell within middle age categories and the elderly (58.5% aged 41–80 years). The patient demographic data showed that among 2,098 cases (14.7% were between 81 and 100 years old, and 1.2% reached the centenarian category thus demonstrating an increasing demand for geriatric healthcare services. Urine samples produced (72.9%) bacterial isolates above the combination of blood cultures and wound specimens (each with 9.7%). The comparison between 2022 and 2023 proved noteworthy, with healthcare facility admission rates escalating from 316 to 771 patient cases while outpatient walk-in numbers decreased from 587 to 403, along with a substantial rise in urinary tract infection isolates from 648 to 883 cases. The tests on antimicrobial resistance demonstrated that Imipenem (95%), along with Tigecycline (97%), were effective, but Norfloxacin (97.1%) and Cotrimoxazole (46%) had notable resistance patterns. The results showed an ESBL detection rate of 312 among Escherichia coli isolates, but MBL counts reached 83, and AmpC beta-lactamase production amounted to 142. <i>blaCTX-M</i> emerged as the leading ESBL gene type (38.1%) among a total of 142 collected <i>E. coli</i> strains, which also demonstrated <i>blaOXA-48</i> (25.3%) and <i>blaNDM</i> (22.7%) as their prevalent MBL genes. Multiple resistance genes have become more prevalent in MBL isolates, as demonstrated by the simultaneous presence of <i>blaVIM</i> and <i>blaNDM</i> genes in (5.3%) of MBL isolates. The research results demonstrate the immediate requirement for better-controlling mechanisms in antimicrobial use and improved infection surveillance and control procedures following the detection of emerging resistance pathogens.</p>

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Antimicrobial resistance and beta-lactamase gene distribution among clinical isolates: a two-year cohort study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月4日

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  • Yasser Alraey,
  • Mohammed Mushabub Assiry,
  • Irfan Ahmad,
  • Abdulaziz Alqahtani,
  • Nada Basheer,
  • Mohammed A. M. AlAsiri,
  • Saleh A. M. Alshehri,
  • Saeed M. S. Alhamhhum,
  • Sultan Mohammed Alhefdi,
  • Mohd Shahid Khan,
  • Mohd Saleem,
  • Abdulah A. S. Bawazeer

摘要

A cohort investigation evaluated patient demographic information together with microbial detection patterns and antimicrobial drug resistance in a total group of 2,098 patients. Results showed an equally distributed sample consisting of 51.8% inpatients matched with 47.2% outpatients. In comparison, females comprised 51.8% of the total participants, and most patients fell within middle age categories and the elderly (58.5% aged 41–80 years). The patient demographic data showed that among 2,098 cases (14.7% were between 81 and 100 years old, and 1.2% reached the centenarian category thus demonstrating an increasing demand for geriatric healthcare services. Urine samples produced (72.9%) bacterial isolates above the combination of blood cultures and wound specimens (each with 9.7%). The comparison between 2022 and 2023 proved noteworthy, with healthcare facility admission rates escalating from 316 to 771 patient cases while outpatient walk-in numbers decreased from 587 to 403, along with a substantial rise in urinary tract infection isolates from 648 to 883 cases. The tests on antimicrobial resistance demonstrated that Imipenem (95%), along with Tigecycline (97%), were effective, but Norfloxacin (97.1%) and Cotrimoxazole (46%) had notable resistance patterns. The results showed an ESBL detection rate of 312 among Escherichia coli isolates, but MBL counts reached 83, and AmpC beta-lactamase production amounted to 142. blaCTX-M emerged as the leading ESBL gene type (38.1%) among a total of 142 collected E. coli strains, which also demonstrated blaOXA-48 (25.3%) and blaNDM (22.7%) as their prevalent MBL genes. Multiple resistance genes have become more prevalent in MBL isolates, as demonstrated by the simultaneous presence of blaVIM and blaNDM genes in (5.3%) of MBL isolates. The research results demonstrate the immediate requirement for better-controlling mechanisms in antimicrobial use and improved infection surveillance and control procedures following the detection of emerging resistance pathogens.