<p>Sustainable wastewater management plays a vital role in mitigating environmental concerns. In this context, the present study evaluates the efficiency of methylene blue (MB) removal using a novel H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>-activated chicken bone adsorbent (CB<sub>AAC</sub>) in a batch adsorption process. The optimum conditions were determined at pH 7.5, contact time between 30 and 150&#xa0;min, dye concentrations ranging from 10 to 50&#xa0;mg/L, and adsorbent doses of 0.15–0.75&#xa0;g/100&#xa0;mL methylene blue (MB) dye solution. The maximum MB removal efficiency of 92.29% was achieved using 0.6&#xa0;g of adsorbent after 90&#xa0;min. CB<sub>AAC</sub> composite was characterized with FE-SEM to identify morphological structure, while FT-IR spectroscopy indicates the appearance of stretching functional bond groups. Response surface methodology (RSM) optimization using a central composite design (CCD) was evaluated showing a promising regression analysis of R<sup>2</sup> = 0.9661. The research results demonstrated a well-defined Temkin adsorption isotherm (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.9804), with a capacity for adsorption of 49.56&#xa0;mg/g, closely followed by a pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.9997). The process was thermodynamically spontaneous and exothermic. A comprehensive Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) dealing with ten important parameters that resulted in the lowest global warming of 1.531 (kg CO<sub>2</sub>-eq.) and 5.047&#xa0;MJ/kg, highlights the sustainable and effective use of CB<sub>AAC</sub> for the removal of organic dyes from wastewater.</p>

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Removal of methylene blue (MB) dye from water and wastewater using acid-activated chicken bone in a batch adsorption process

  • Ghazala Muteeb,
  • Khalid Ansari,
  • Murat Eyvaz,
  • Mohd Farhan,
  • Mohammad Aatif,
  • Dhiraj Agrawal,
  • Mohamed El Oirdi,
  • Mohammad Hadi Dehghani

摘要

Sustainable wastewater management plays a vital role in mitigating environmental concerns. In this context, the present study evaluates the efficiency of methylene blue (MB) removal using a novel H3PO4-activated chicken bone adsorbent (CBAAC) in a batch adsorption process. The optimum conditions were determined at pH 7.5, contact time between 30 and 150 min, dye concentrations ranging from 10 to 50 mg/L, and adsorbent doses of 0.15–0.75 g/100 mL methylene blue (MB) dye solution. The maximum MB removal efficiency of 92.29% was achieved using 0.6 g of adsorbent after 90 min. CBAAC composite was characterized with FE-SEM to identify morphological structure, while FT-IR spectroscopy indicates the appearance of stretching functional bond groups. Response surface methodology (RSM) optimization using a central composite design (CCD) was evaluated showing a promising regression analysis of R2 = 0.9661. The research results demonstrated a well-defined Temkin adsorption isotherm (R2 = 0.9804), with a capacity for adsorption of 49.56 mg/g, closely followed by a pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 = 0.9997). The process was thermodynamically spontaneous and exothermic. A comprehensive Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) dealing with ten important parameters that resulted in the lowest global warming of 1.531 (kg CO2-eq.) and 5.047 MJ/kg, highlights the sustainable and effective use of CBAAC for the removal of organic dyes from wastewater.