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<p>Cross-national and within-country research on electoral behavior has been constrained by the coarseness of available election data. Existing resources aggregate to the constituency or country level, lack spatial information, or cover only a small set of well-documented democracies. The Small-Area Global Elections (SAGE) dataset collects, geocodes, and harmonizes lower-house parliamentary and presidential returns for 110 countries and territories from 1948 to 2025, at the smallest unit each electoral authority publishes. It spans 585 country-elections and roughly ten billion votes cast across more than eight million units, and is at the polling station level in more than two-thirds of cases. Returns are released in a single long-format schema with standardized party identifiers that link to major comparative datasets, and every unit carries coordinates and, where available, boundary polygons. SAGE opens up spatially and comparatively fine-grained analysis of elections from consolidated democracies to hybrid regimes.</p>

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The Small-Area Global Elections (SAGE) Dataset

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月14日

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  • Noah Dasanaike

摘要

Cross-national and within-country research on electoral behavior has been constrained by the coarseness of available election data. Existing resources aggregate to the constituency or country level, lack spatial information, or cover only a small set of well-documented democracies. The Small-Area Global Elections (SAGE) dataset collects, geocodes, and harmonizes lower-house parliamentary and presidential returns for 110 countries and territories from 1948 to 2025, at the smallest unit each electoral authority publishes. It spans 585 country-elections and roughly ten billion votes cast across more than eight million units, and is at the polling station level in more than two-thirds of cases. Returns are released in a single long-format schema with standardized party identifiers that link to major comparative datasets, and every unit carries coordinates and, where available, boundary polygons. SAGE opens up spatially and comparatively fine-grained analysis of elections from consolidated democracies to hybrid regimes.