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<p>Apricot (<i>Prunus armeniaca</i> L.), a globally cultivated temperate fruit crop, represents an economically critical species for fresh consumption and value-added products. Despite its agricultural importance, genomic resources have lagged behind other <i>Prunus</i> species, hampering trait dissection and molecular breeding. Here, we present the first telomere-to-telomere (T2T) gap-free genome assembly for the elite cultivar ‘Sungold’, achieved through the integration of multi-platform sequencing technologies: Illumina short-read, PacBio HiFi, ONT ultra-long, and Hi-C scaffolding. The final assembly spans 251.36 Mb with benchmark quality metrics: a contig N50 of 32.04 Mb, BUSCO completeness score of 98.8%, LTR Assembly Index (LAI) of 15.99, and a consensus quality value (QV) of 59.75. The T2T assembly achieved the resolution of all eight centromeres, together with fourteen intact telomeres, confirming its high structural integrity. Genomic annotation revealed 43.38% of repetitive sequences and 25,999 predicted protein-coding genes. This gap-free T2T genome resource establishes the highest-resolution reference for investigating apricot genome evolution, structural variation, and trait-associated genetic mechanisms in modern breeding programs.</p>

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A telomere-to-telomere gap-free genome assembly of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.)

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月2日

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  • Zhenyu Huang,
  • Hangling Bie,
  • Xinyue Su,
  • Lehan Xia,
  • Long Chen,
  • Yuling Chen,
  • Ruigang Wu,
  • Ming Li,
  • Pingyong Wang,
  • Ke Cao

摘要

Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.), a globally cultivated temperate fruit crop, represents an economically critical species for fresh consumption and value-added products. Despite its agricultural importance, genomic resources have lagged behind other Prunus species, hampering trait dissection and molecular breeding. Here, we present the first telomere-to-telomere (T2T) gap-free genome assembly for the elite cultivar ‘Sungold’, achieved through the integration of multi-platform sequencing technologies: Illumina short-read, PacBio HiFi, ONT ultra-long, and Hi-C scaffolding. The final assembly spans 251.36 Mb with benchmark quality metrics: a contig N50 of 32.04 Mb, BUSCO completeness score of 98.8%, LTR Assembly Index (LAI) of 15.99, and a consensus quality value (QV) of 59.75. The T2T assembly achieved the resolution of all eight centromeres, together with fourteen intact telomeres, confirming its high structural integrity. Genomic annotation revealed 43.38% of repetitive sequences and 25,999 predicted protein-coding genes. This gap-free T2T genome resource establishes the highest-resolution reference for investigating apricot genome evolution, structural variation, and trait-associated genetic mechanisms in modern breeding programs.