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<p>The wasps of <i>Rhynchium</i> exemplify solitary vespid predators controlling Lepidopteran pests through venom-mediated paralysis, with their venom possessing significant medicinal potential. As dominant models within the species-rich subfamily Eumeninae representing 70% of Vespidae diversity, they provide critical insights into sociality evolution and biocontrol mechanisms. To boost research on Vespidae, we used PacBio long-read, short-read RNA-seq (Illumina) and Hi-C scaffolding technologies to create a high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly for <i>Rhynchium brunneum</i>, an important solitary insect. We obtained a 328.90 Mb assembly with a Scaffold N50 size of 15.98 Mb. We detected 96.2% Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologues (BUSCO) in the genome assembly, which contains 51.77% repetitive sequences and has 12,999 protein-coding genes annotated. In <i>R. brunneum</i>, we identified 173 gene expansions and 274 genes that underwent contraction or loss. The high-quality genome of <i>R. brunneum</i> provides a valuable genetic resource for future research in evolution, molecular biology, and applied studies.</p>

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Chromosome-level genome assembly of Rhynchium brunneum (Fabricius, 1787) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月3日

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  • Jing Wang,
  • Shulin He,
  • Bin Chen,
  • Tingjing Li

摘要

The wasps of Rhynchium exemplify solitary vespid predators controlling Lepidopteran pests through venom-mediated paralysis, with their venom possessing significant medicinal potential. As dominant models within the species-rich subfamily Eumeninae representing 70% of Vespidae diversity, they provide critical insights into sociality evolution and biocontrol mechanisms. To boost research on Vespidae, we used PacBio long-read, short-read RNA-seq (Illumina) and Hi-C scaffolding technologies to create a high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly for Rhynchium brunneum, an important solitary insect. We obtained a 328.90 Mb assembly with a Scaffold N50 size of 15.98 Mb. We detected 96.2% Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologues (BUSCO) in the genome assembly, which contains 51.77% repetitive sequences and has 12,999 protein-coding genes annotated. In R. brunneum, we identified 173 gene expansions and 274 genes that underwent contraction or loss. The high-quality genome of R. brunneum provides a valuable genetic resource for future research in evolution, molecular biology, and applied studies.