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<p>Detecting virus-infected cells in light microscopy requires a reporter signal commonly achieved by immunohistochemistry or genetic engineering. While classification-based machine learning approaches to the detection of virus-infected cells have been proposed, their results lack the nuance of a continuous signal. Such a signal can be achieved by virtual staining. Yet, while this technique has been rapidly growing in importance, the virtual staining of virus-infected cells remains largely uncharted. In this work, we propose a benchmark and datasets to address this. We collate microscopy datasets, containing a panel of viruses of diverse biology and reporters obtained with a variety of magnifications and imaging modalities. Next, we explore the virus infection reporter virtual staining (VIRVS) task employing U-Net and pix2pix architectures as prototypical regressive and generative models. Together our work provides a comprehensive benchmark for VIRVS, as well as defines a new challenge at the interface of Data Science and Virology.</p>

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A Benchmark for Virus Infection Reporter Virtual Staining in Fluorescence and Brightfield Microscopy

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月28日

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  • Maria Wyrzykowska,
  • Gabriel della Maggiora,
  • Nikita Deshpande,
  • Ashkan Mokarian,
  • Artur Yakimovich

摘要

Detecting virus-infected cells in light microscopy requires a reporter signal commonly achieved by immunohistochemistry or genetic engineering. While classification-based machine learning approaches to the detection of virus-infected cells have been proposed, their results lack the nuance of a continuous signal. Such a signal can be achieved by virtual staining. Yet, while this technique has been rapidly growing in importance, the virtual staining of virus-infected cells remains largely uncharted. In this work, we propose a benchmark and datasets to address this. We collate microscopy datasets, containing a panel of viruses of diverse biology and reporters obtained with a variety of magnifications and imaging modalities. Next, we explore the virus infection reporter virtual staining (VIRVS) task employing U-Net and pix2pix architectures as prototypical regressive and generative models. Together our work provides a comprehensive benchmark for VIRVS, as well as defines a new challenge at the interface of Data Science and Virology.