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<p>Characterizing the transcriptional and translational gene expression patterns at the single-cell level within their three-dimensional (3D) tissue context is essential for revealing how genes shape tissue structure and function in health and disease. However, most existing spatial profiling techniques are limited to 5–20 µm thin tissue sections. Here, we developed Deep-STARmap and Deep-RIBOmap, which enable 3D in situ quantification of thousands of gene transcripts and their corresponding translation activities, respectively, within 60–200-µm thick tissue blocks. This is achieved through scalable probe synthesis, hydrogel embedding with efficient probe anchoring and robust cDNA crosslinking. We first utilized Deep-STARmap in combination with multicolor fluorescent protein imaging for simultaneous molecular cell typing and 3D neuron morphology tracing in the mouse brain. We also demonstrate that 3D spatial profiling facilitates comprehensive and quantitative analysis of tumor–immune interactions in human skin cancer.</p>

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Scalable spatial single-cell transcriptomics and translatomics in 3D thick tissue blocks

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月24日

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  • Xin Sui,
  • Jennifer A. Lo,
  • Shuchen Luo,
  • Yichun He,
  • Zefang Tang,
  • Zuwan Lin,
  • Dániel L. Barabási,
  • Yiming Zhou,
  • Wendy Xueyi Wang,
  • Jia Liu,
  • Xiao Wang

摘要

Characterizing the transcriptional and translational gene expression patterns at the single-cell level within their three-dimensional (3D) tissue context is essential for revealing how genes shape tissue structure and function in health and disease. However, most existing spatial profiling techniques are limited to 5–20 µm thin tissue sections. Here, we developed Deep-STARmap and Deep-RIBOmap, which enable 3D in situ quantification of thousands of gene transcripts and their corresponding translation activities, respectively, within 60–200-µm thick tissue blocks. This is achieved through scalable probe synthesis, hydrogel embedding with efficient probe anchoring and robust cDNA crosslinking. We first utilized Deep-STARmap in combination with multicolor fluorescent protein imaging for simultaneous molecular cell typing and 3D neuron morphology tracing in the mouse brain. We also demonstrate that 3D spatial profiling facilitates comprehensive and quantitative analysis of tumor–immune interactions in human skin cancer.