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<p>Between March 2024 and October 2024, 46 human cases of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) had been detected in the United States. The persistent panzootic spread of HPAI A(H5N1) viruses and continued detection of human cases presents an ongoing threat to public health. In this study, between November 2024 and May 2025, an additional 24 cases have been reported for a total of 70 human cases of HPAI A(H5N1): 41 were exposed to dairy cows, 24 to commercial poultry, two to backyard poultry and three had an unidentified source of exposure. All sequenced viruses were clade 2.3.4.4b. Overall, 62 cases (89%) reported eye redness, 32 (46%) fever and 29 (41%) respiratory symptoms; 54 of 67 cases (81%) reported receiving antiviral treatment. Most illnesses were mild; however, four patients were hospitalized. Of the hospitalized patients, three had pneumonia and one died. No human-to-human transmission was detected. Occupational exposure to infected animals was a risk factor for HPAI A(H5N1) virus infection and the risk to the general population remains low; however, the two cases exposed to infected backyard poultry and three cases with unidentified exposures highlight that ongoing vigilance is warranted.</p>

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Human infections with highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses in the United States from March 2024 to May 2025

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月25日

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  • Melissa A. Rolfes,
  • Krista Kniss,
  • Marie K. Kirby,
  • Shikha Garg,
  • Katie Reinhart,
  • C. Todd Davis,
  • Erin L. Murray,
  • Debra A. Wadford,
  • Kathleen Harriman,
  • Sophie Zhu,
  • Caterina Y. Liu,
  • Christina Morales,
  • Denise Lopez,
  • Laura Esbenshade,
  • Kavita K. Trivedi,
  • Farrell A. Tobolowsky,
  • Thi Dang,
  • Anna Unutzer,
  • Steven Krager,
  • Kaylyn Baum,
  • Emily J. Curren,
  • Alexia Harrist,
  • Julie Hand,
  • Theresa Sokol,
  • Andrea Salinas,
  • Amy Bunch,
  • Danielle Haydel,
  • Nicholas Fisher,
  • Sara F. Margrey,
  • Laurie Billing,
  • George Turabelidze,
  • Jessica Goswitz,
  • Leslie Kavlak,
  • Emilio Gonzales,
  • Whitney Tillman,
  • Susan Rollo,
  • Cherissa Abdul Hamid,
  • Deborah Aragon,
  • Mackenzie Owen,
  • Allison Kohnen,
  • Amy Hoehne,
  • Andy Weigel,
  • Andrew Hennenfent,
  • Victoria Sepcic,
  • Tim Southern,
  • Cindy Beard,
  • Ryan Scholz,
  • Sarah Present,
  • Melissa Sutton,
  • Jennifer Morse,
  • Meghan Weinberg,
  • Seth Eckel,
  • Thomas Haupt,
  • Angela Maxted,
  • Karla Potts-Shufelt,
  • Demetre C. Daskalakis,
  • Lizette O. Durand,
  • Feng Liu,
  • Benjamin Rambo-Martin,
  • Kristine A. Lacek,
  • Julia C. Frederick,
  • Jimma Liddell,
  • Natasha Burnett,
  • Lisa M. Keong,
  • Juliana DaSilva,
  • Sydney R. Sheffield,
  • Malania M. Wilson,
  • Han Di,
  • Sabrina S. Schatzman,
  • Yunho Jang,
  • A. Danielle Iuliano,
  • Alexia Couture,
  • Alicia P. Budd,
  • Min Z. Levine,
  • Larisa V. Gubareva,
  • Tom T. Shimabukuro,
  • Timothy M. Uyeki,
  • Vivien G. Dugan,
  • Carrie Reed,
  • Sonja J. Olsen

摘要

Between March 2024 and October 2024, 46 human cases of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) had been detected in the United States. The persistent panzootic spread of HPAI A(H5N1) viruses and continued detection of human cases presents an ongoing threat to public health. In this study, between November 2024 and May 2025, an additional 24 cases have been reported for a total of 70 human cases of HPAI A(H5N1): 41 were exposed to dairy cows, 24 to commercial poultry, two to backyard poultry and three had an unidentified source of exposure. All sequenced viruses were clade 2.3.4.4b. Overall, 62 cases (89%) reported eye redness, 32 (46%) fever and 29 (41%) respiratory symptoms; 54 of 67 cases (81%) reported receiving antiviral treatment. Most illnesses were mild; however, four patients were hospitalized. Of the hospitalized patients, three had pneumonia and one died. No human-to-human transmission was detected. Occupational exposure to infected animals was a risk factor for HPAI A(H5N1) virus infection and the risk to the general population remains low; however, the two cases exposed to infected backyard poultry and three cases with unidentified exposures highlight that ongoing vigilance is warranted.