<p>Among the many types of qubit presently being investigated for a future quantum computer, silicon spin qubits with millions of qubits on a single chip are uniquely positioned to enable quantum computing. However, it has not been clear whether the outstanding high-fidelity operations and long coherence times shown by silicon spin qubits fabricated in academic settings<sup><CitationRef AdditionalCitationIDS="CR2 CR3 CR4 CR5 CR6 CR7" CitationID="CR1">1</CitationRef>–<CitationRef CitationID="CR8">8</CitationRef></sup> can be reliably reproduced when the qubits are manufactured in a semiconductor foundry<sup><CitationRef AdditionalCitationIDS="CR10" CitationID="CR9">9</CitationRef>–<CitationRef CitationID="CR11">11</CitationRef></sup>. Here we show precise qubit operation of silicon two-qubit devices made with standard semiconductor tooling in a 300-mm foundry environment. Of the key metrics, single- and two-qubit control fidelities exceed 99% for all four devices, and the state preparation and measurement fidelities reach up to 99.9%, as evidenced by gate set tomography. We report spin lifetime and coherence up to <i>T</i><sub>1</sub> = 9.5 s, <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="41586_2025_9531_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="18" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="90" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({T}_{2}^{* }=40.6\,{\rm{\mu }}{\rm{s}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msubsup> <mrow> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>*</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>=</mo> <mn>40.6</mn> <mspace width="0.25em" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">μ</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="41586_2025_9531_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="107" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({T}_{2}^{{\rm{Hahn}}}=1.9\,{\rm{ms}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msubsup> <mrow> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Hahn</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1.9</mn> <mspace width="0.25em" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">ms</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. We determine that residual nuclear spin-carrying isotopes contribute substantially to operational errors, identifying further isotopic purification as a clear pathway to even higher performance.</p>

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Industry-compatible silicon spin-qubit unit cells exceeding 99% fidelity

  • Paul Steinacker,
  • Nard Dumoulin Stuyck,
  • Wee Han Lim,
  • Tuomo Tanttu,
  • MengKe Feng,
  • Santiago Serrano,
  • Andreas Nickl,
  • Marco Candido,
  • Jesus D. Cifuentes,
  • Ensar Vahapoglu,
  • Samuel K. Bartee,
  • Fay E. Hudson,
  • Kok Wai Chan,
  • Stefan Kubicek,
  • Julien Jussot,
  • Yann Canvel,
  • Sofie Beyne,
  • Yosuke Shimura,
  • Roger Loo,
  • Clement Godfrin,
  • Bart Raes,
  • Sylvain Baudot,
  • Danny Wan,
  • Arne Laucht,
  • Chih Hwan Yang,
  • Andre Saraiva,
  • Christopher C. Escott,
  • Kristiaan De Greve,
  • Andrew S. Dzurak

摘要

Among the many types of qubit presently being investigated for a future quantum computer, silicon spin qubits with millions of qubits on a single chip are uniquely positioned to enable quantum computing. However, it has not been clear whether the outstanding high-fidelity operations and long coherence times shown by silicon spin qubits fabricated in academic settings18 can be reliably reproduced when the qubits are manufactured in a semiconductor foundry911. Here we show precise qubit operation of silicon two-qubit devices made with standard semiconductor tooling in a 300-mm foundry environment. Of the key metrics, single- and two-qubit control fidelities exceed 99% for all four devices, and the state preparation and measurement fidelities reach up to 99.9%, as evidenced by gate set tomography. We report spin lifetime and coherence up to T1 = 9.5 s, \({T}_{2}^{* }=40.6\,{\rm{\mu }}{\rm{s}}\) T 2 * = 40.6 μ s and \({T}_{2}^{{\rm{Hahn}}}=1.9\,{\rm{ms}}\) T 2 Hahn = 1.9 ms . We determine that residual nuclear spin-carrying isotopes contribute substantially to operational errors, identifying further isotopic purification as a clear pathway to even higher performance.