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<p>Bacterial second messengers are crucial for transmitting environmental information to cells. However, quantifying their information transmission capacity remains challenging. Here we develop a framework for quantifying information processing in cellular signalling systems. We engineer an isolated cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signalling channel in <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> using targeted gene knockouts, optogenetics and a fluorescent cAMP probe. This design enables precise optical control and real-time monitoring of cAMP dynamics. By integrating experimental data with information theory, we reveal the optimal frequency for light-mediated cAMP signalling that maximizes information transmission, reaching about 40 bits per hour. This rate correlates strongly with cAMP degradation kinetics and uses a two-state encoding scheme. Our findings suggest a mechanism for fine-tuned regulation of multiple genes through temporal encoding of second-messenger signals, providing insights into bacterial adaptation strategies.</p>

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Quantifying second-messenger information transmission in bacteria

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月27日

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  • Jiarui Xiong,
  • Liang Wang,
  • Jialun Lin,
  • Lei Ni,
  • Rongrong Zhang,
  • Shuai Yang,
  • Yajia Huang,
  • Jun Chu,
  • Fan Jin

摘要

Bacterial second messengers are crucial for transmitting environmental information to cells. However, quantifying their information transmission capacity remains challenging. Here we develop a framework for quantifying information processing in cellular signalling systems. We engineer an isolated cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signalling channel in Pseudomonas aeruginosa using targeted gene knockouts, optogenetics and a fluorescent cAMP probe. This design enables precise optical control and real-time monitoring of cAMP dynamics. By integrating experimental data with information theory, we reveal the optimal frequency for light-mediated cAMP signalling that maximizes information transmission, reaching about 40 bits per hour. This rate correlates strongly with cAMP degradation kinetics and uses a two-state encoding scheme. Our findings suggest a mechanism for fine-tuned regulation of multiple genes through temporal encoding of second-messenger signals, providing insights into bacterial adaptation strategies.