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<p>Dissipation is an unavoidable feature of quantum systems, typically associated with decoherence and the modification of quantum correlations. In the study of strongly correlated quantum matter, we often have to overcome or suppress dissipation to uncover the underlying quantum phenomena. However, here we demonstrate that dissipation can serve as a probe for intrinsic correlations in quantum many-body systems. Applying tunable dissipation in ultracold atomic systems, we observe universal dissipative dynamics in strongly correlated one-dimensional quantum gases. Specifically, we find a universal stretched-exponential decay of the total particle number, where the stretched exponent measures the anomalous dimension of the spectral function—a parameter for characterizing strong quantum fluctuations. This approach offers a versatile framework for probing features of strongly correlated systems, including spin–charge separation and Fermi arcs in quantum materials.</p>

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Universal dissipative dynamics in strongly correlated quantum gases

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月19日

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  • Yajuan Zhao,
  • Ye Tian,
  • Jilai Ye,
  • Yue Wu,
  • Zihan Zhao,
  • Zhihao Chi,
  • Tian Tian,
  • Hepeng Yao,
  • Jiazhong Hu,
  • Yu Chen,
  • Wenlan Chen

摘要

Dissipation is an unavoidable feature of quantum systems, typically associated with decoherence and the modification of quantum correlations. In the study of strongly correlated quantum matter, we often have to overcome or suppress dissipation to uncover the underlying quantum phenomena. However, here we demonstrate that dissipation can serve as a probe for intrinsic correlations in quantum many-body systems. Applying tunable dissipation in ultracold atomic systems, we observe universal dissipative dynamics in strongly correlated one-dimensional quantum gases. Specifically, we find a universal stretched-exponential decay of the total particle number, where the stretched exponent measures the anomalous dimension of the spectral function—a parameter for characterizing strong quantum fluctuations. This approach offers a versatile framework for probing features of strongly correlated systems, including spin–charge separation and Fermi arcs in quantum materials.