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<p>High-power, continuously tunable narrowband terahertz (THz) sources are essential for advancing nonlinear optics, THz-driven material dynamics and ultrafast spectroscopy. Conventional techniques typically impose a trade-off between pulse energy and frequency tunability. Here we demonstrate a novel free-electron laser approach that overcomes these limitations by premodulating a relativistic electron beam with a frequency-beating laser pulse and leveraging bunch compression along with collective effects to enhance microbunching. Experimental results demonstrate that this technique generates narrowband THz emission with continuous frequency tunability from 7.8 to 30.8 THz, achieving pulse energies up to 385 <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\upmu {\rm{J}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">μ</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">J</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and maintaining spectral bandwidths between 7.7% and 14.7%. Moreover, the method exhibits exceptional robustness and scalability, highlighting its unique ability to bridge the long-standing THz gap and offering a promising solution for diverse cutting-edge scientific applications.</p>

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Continuous terahertz band coverage through precise electron-beam tailoring in free-electron lasers

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月20日

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  • Yin Kang,
  • Tong Li,
  • Zhen Wang,
  • Yue Wang,
  • Cheng Yu,
  • Weiyi Yin,
  • Zhangfeng Gao,
  • Hanghua Xu,
  • Hang Luo,
  • Xiaofan Wang,
  • Jian Chen,
  • Taihe Lan,
  • Xiaoqing Liu,
  • Jinguo Wang,
  • Huan Zhao,
  • Fei Gao,
  • Liping Sun,
  • YanYan Zhu,
  • Yongmei Wen,
  • Qili Tian,
  • Chenye Xu,
  • Xingtao Wang,
  • Jiaqiang Xu,
  • Zheng Qi,
  • Tao Liu,
  • Bin Li,
  • Lixin Yan,
  • Kaiqing Zhang,
  • Chao Feng,
  • Bo Liu,
  • Zhentang Zhao

摘要

High-power, continuously tunable narrowband terahertz (THz) sources are essential for advancing nonlinear optics, THz-driven material dynamics and ultrafast spectroscopy. Conventional techniques typically impose a trade-off between pulse energy and frequency tunability. Here we demonstrate a novel free-electron laser approach that overcomes these limitations by premodulating a relativistic electron beam with a frequency-beating laser pulse and leveraging bunch compression along with collective effects to enhance microbunching. Experimental results demonstrate that this technique generates narrowband THz emission with continuous frequency tunability from 7.8 to 30.8 THz, achieving pulse energies up to 385  \(\upmu {\rm{J}}\) μ J and maintaining spectral bandwidths between 7.7% and 14.7%. Moreover, the method exhibits exceptional robustness and scalability, highlighting its unique ability to bridge the long-standing THz gap and offering a promising solution for diverse cutting-edge scientific applications.