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<p>While mixing iridium (Ir) with ruthenium oxide (RuO<sub>2</sub>) has proven to be an effective strategy for reducing Ir loading in anode catalysts for proton-exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolysers, achieving industrially relevant long-term stability typically requires an Ir-rich, Ru-lean combination. Here, by combining density functional theory with Metropolis Monte Carlo methods, we discovered that sufficient stabilization in the RuO<sub>2</sub> lattice could be achieved with less than 50 at.% of Ir, and that Ir in the first subsurface layer plays a critical role. By effectively dispersing Ir dopants within the RuO<sub>2</sub> lattice, we demonstrated an Ir:Ru atomic ratio of only 1:6 that exhibited exceptional stability for over 1,500 h of continuous water electrolysis at 2 A cm<sup>−2</sup>. Our Ru<sub>6</sub>IrO<sub><i>x</i></sub> catalyst has the potential to reduce Ir loading by 80% compared with current commercial PEM water electrolysers, and its stability was further validated under industrial testing conditions in a 25-cm<sup>2</sup> PEM electrolyser.</p>

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Low-iridium stabilized ruthenium oxide anode catalyst for durable proton-exchange membrane water electrolysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月7日

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  • Chang Qiu,
  • Chase Sellers,
  • Zhen-Yu Wu,
  • David A. Cullen,
  • Eli Stavitski,
  • Akhil Tayal,
  • Tae-Ung Wi,
  • Mounika Kodali,
  • Bryan Erb,
  • Andrew Smeltz,
  • Feng-Yang Chen,
  • Yuge Feng,
  • Zhou Yu,
  • Ahmad Elgazzar,
  • Tanguy Terlier,
  • Thomas P. Senftle,
  • Haotian Wang

摘要

While mixing iridium (Ir) with ruthenium oxide (RuO2) has proven to be an effective strategy for reducing Ir loading in anode catalysts for proton-exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolysers, achieving industrially relevant long-term stability typically requires an Ir-rich, Ru-lean combination. Here, by combining density functional theory with Metropolis Monte Carlo methods, we discovered that sufficient stabilization in the RuO2 lattice could be achieved with less than 50 at.% of Ir, and that Ir in the first subsurface layer plays a critical role. By effectively dispersing Ir dopants within the RuO2 lattice, we demonstrated an Ir:Ru atomic ratio of only 1:6 that exhibited exceptional stability for over 1,500 h of continuous water electrolysis at 2 A cm−2. Our Ru6IrOx catalyst has the potential to reduce Ir loading by 80% compared with current commercial PEM water electrolysers, and its stability was further validated under industrial testing conditions in a 25-cm2 PEM electrolyser.