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<p>Van der Waals materials display rich structural polymorphs with distinct physical properties. An atomistic understanding of the phase-transition dynamics, propagation pathway and associated evolution of physical properties is essential for capturing their potential in practical technologies. However, direct visualization of the rapid phase-transition process is fundamentally challenging due to the inherent trade-offs among atomic resolution, field of view and imaging frame rate. Here we exploit a controllable current-driven phase transition and utilize in situ scanning transmission electron microscopy to visualize dynamic atomic rearrangements during the 2H-α to 2H-β transition in layered In<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub>. We identify a unique intralayer-splitting (unzipping) and interlayer-reconstruction (zipping) pathway, driven by an energy-cascading mechanism through which bond formation across the van der Waals gap facilitates bond cleavage in the covalent layers. We also observe current-direction-dependent asymmetric phase-transition propagation and attribute it to a temperature profile induced by the Peltier effect at the heterophase interface. These findings provide insights that are essential for designing tailored structural phase transitions in advanced technologies.</p>

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Interlayer reconstruction phase transition in van der Waals materials

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月24日

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  • Junwei Zhang,
  • Laiyuan Wang,
  • Jingtao Lü,
  • Zhe Wang,
  • Huan Wu,
  • Guilin Zhu,
  • Nan Wang,
  • Fei Xue,
  • Xue Zeng,
  • Liu Zhu,
  • Yang Hu,
  • Xia Deng,
  • Chaoshuai Guan,
  • Chen Yang,
  • Zhaoyang Lin,
  • Peiqi Wang,
  • Boxuan Zhou,
  • Jing Lü,
  • Wenguang Zhu,
  • Xixiang Zhang,
  • Yu Huang,
  • Wei Huang,
  • Yong Peng,
  • Xiangfeng Duan

摘要

Van der Waals materials display rich structural polymorphs with distinct physical properties. An atomistic understanding of the phase-transition dynamics, propagation pathway and associated evolution of physical properties is essential for capturing their potential in practical technologies. However, direct visualization of the rapid phase-transition process is fundamentally challenging due to the inherent trade-offs among atomic resolution, field of view and imaging frame rate. Here we exploit a controllable current-driven phase transition and utilize in situ scanning transmission electron microscopy to visualize dynamic atomic rearrangements during the 2H-α to 2H-β transition in layered In2Se3. We identify a unique intralayer-splitting (unzipping) and interlayer-reconstruction (zipping) pathway, driven by an energy-cascading mechanism through which bond formation across the van der Waals gap facilitates bond cleavage in the covalent layers. We also observe current-direction-dependent asymmetric phase-transition propagation and attribute it to a temperature profile induced by the Peltier effect at the heterophase interface. These findings provide insights that are essential for designing tailored structural phase transitions in advanced technologies.