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<p>Safety is the most basic requirement for the application of rechargeable batteries in large-scale energy storage. Despite extensive efforts in developing non-flammable electrolytes, the elimination of thermal runaway in ampere-hour-level cells remains unachieved, while the correlation between electrolyte flame retardancy and battery safety is still unclear. Here we propose a polymerizable and non-flammable electrolyte, which leverages the synergistic anion–cation solvation effect and undergoes thermally triggered polymerization. The optimized electrode–electrolyte interfacial and a cross-linked barrier were obtained to prevent mechanical/chemical interactions between the electrodes and impede the side reactions/reductive gases generation, leading to no thermal runaway in ampere-hour-level cells. The nail-penetration tests were also passed without smoke, fire or explosion. This work brings an insight of the battery safety beyond non-flammable electrolyte design and paves the way towards safer and more efficient battery systems for energy storage.</p>

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Thermal runaway-free ampere-hour-level Na-ion battery via polymerizable non-flammable electrolyte

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月6日

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  • Jiao Zhang,
  • Lin Zhou,
  • Haibo Wang,
  • Suting Weng,
  • Shuai Han,
  • Yang Yang,
  • Yuan Liu,
  • Zhao Chen,
  • Xubin Wang,
  • Feixiang Ding,
  • Fei Xie,
  • Huican Mao,
  • Xuefeng Wang,
  • Yaxiang Lu,
  • Liquan Chen,
  • Yong-Sheng Hu

摘要

Safety is the most basic requirement for the application of rechargeable batteries in large-scale energy storage. Despite extensive efforts in developing non-flammable electrolytes, the elimination of thermal runaway in ampere-hour-level cells remains unachieved, while the correlation between electrolyte flame retardancy and battery safety is still unclear. Here we propose a polymerizable and non-flammable electrolyte, which leverages the synergistic anion–cation solvation effect and undergoes thermally triggered polymerization. The optimized electrode–electrolyte interfacial and a cross-linked barrier were obtained to prevent mechanical/chemical interactions between the electrodes and impede the side reactions/reductive gases generation, leading to no thermal runaway in ampere-hour-level cells. The nail-penetration tests were also passed without smoke, fire or explosion. This work brings an insight of the battery safety beyond non-flammable electrolyte design and paves the way towards safer and more efficient battery systems for energy storage.