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<p>Osmotic energy, also known as blue energy, is a promising renewable power source that can harness natural salinity gradients. Emerging nanofluidic systems realize direct conversion of this energy to electricity via the reversed electrodialysis process. However, achieving precise structural control, solid–liquid interface regulation and scalable demonstration for enhanced osmotic conversion in a nanofluidic system simultaneously remains a challenge. Here we develop a liquidized coating-functionalized nanofluidic system by combining scalable semiconductor microfabrication with a self-assembled lipid bilayer in nanoconfined environments. This hybrid platform enables precise structural control and interfacial regulation by coupling hydration lubrication with ultrahigh surface charge density. A numerical framework shows that the synergy between surface charge and slip length enhances ion transport and charge separation. Extending this strategy to a membrane-scale system (10<sup>8</sup> cm<sup>−2</sup> porosity, 314 µm<sup>2</sup>) yields an osmotic power density of ~51.4 kW m<sup>−2</sup>. This work outlines a promising framework for next-generation nanofluidic energy harvesting.</p>

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Charge and slip-length optimization in lipid-bilayer-coated nanofluidics for enhanced osmotic energy harvesting

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月16日

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  • Yunfei Teng,
  • Tzu-Heng Chen,
  • Nianduo Cai,
  • Pratik Saud,
  • Peiyue Li,
  • Akhil Sai Naidu,
  • Victor Boureau,
  • Aleksandra Radenovic

摘要

Osmotic energy, also known as blue energy, is a promising renewable power source that can harness natural salinity gradients. Emerging nanofluidic systems realize direct conversion of this energy to electricity via the reversed electrodialysis process. However, achieving precise structural control, solid–liquid interface regulation and scalable demonstration for enhanced osmotic conversion in a nanofluidic system simultaneously remains a challenge. Here we develop a liquidized coating-functionalized nanofluidic system by combining scalable semiconductor microfabrication with a self-assembled lipid bilayer in nanoconfined environments. This hybrid platform enables precise structural control and interfacial regulation by coupling hydration lubrication with ultrahigh surface charge density. A numerical framework shows that the synergy between surface charge and slip length enhances ion transport and charge separation. Extending this strategy to a membrane-scale system (108 cm−2 porosity, 314 µm2) yields an osmotic power density of ~51.4 kW m−2. This work outlines a promising framework for next-generation nanofluidic energy harvesting.