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<p>The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 and its subsequent variants in addition to the previous SARS-CoV-1 outbreak indicates the importance of developing broadly protective sarbecovirus vaccines. To date, broadly protective vaccines have primarily focused on clade 1 sarbecoviruses including SARS-CoV-2 variants and SARS-like animal viruses. The discovery of clade 2 and clade 3 sarbecoviruses capable of infecting human cells highlights a need to preemptively develop vaccines that can protect against these viruses. Here, we develop stabilized multivalent subunit vaccines from clade 2 and clade 3 sarbecovirus S2 proteins and evaluate their immunogenicity. Clade 2 and clade 3 S2-subunit vaccines elicit cross-reactive antibodies in mice capable of binding to clade 1, 2, and 3 sarbecovirus antigens. Female mice immunized with these S2-based vaccines also provide protection against sarbecovirus challenges from clades 1a and 1b, including a mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 strain, XBB, and WIV1.</p>

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Characterization and immunogenicity of nanoparticle vaccines based on Clade 2 and Clade 3 sarbecovirus S2 proteins

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月12日

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  • Peter J. Halfmann,
  • Raj S. Patel,
  • Augustine Duffy,
  • Tong Wang,
  • Atsuhiro Yasuhara,
  • Kayla Carneal,
  • Annika Singh,
  • Carmen Rai,
  • Patrick C. Wilson,
  • Yoshihiro Kawaoka,
  • Ravi S. Kane

摘要

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 and its subsequent variants in addition to the previous SARS-CoV-1 outbreak indicates the importance of developing broadly protective sarbecovirus vaccines. To date, broadly protective vaccines have primarily focused on clade 1 sarbecoviruses including SARS-CoV-2 variants and SARS-like animal viruses. The discovery of clade 2 and clade 3 sarbecoviruses capable of infecting human cells highlights a need to preemptively develop vaccines that can protect against these viruses. Here, we develop stabilized multivalent subunit vaccines from clade 2 and clade 3 sarbecovirus S2 proteins and evaluate their immunogenicity. Clade 2 and clade 3 S2-subunit vaccines elicit cross-reactive antibodies in mice capable of binding to clade 1, 2, and 3 sarbecovirus antigens. Female mice immunized with these S2-based vaccines also provide protection against sarbecovirus challenges from clades 1a and 1b, including a mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 strain, XBB, and WIV1.