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<p>Vaccine responses are sometimes impaired in rural, low-income settings. Helminth-associated gut barrier dysfunction and microbial translocation (MT) may be implicated. We used samples from a trial of praziquantel treatment-effects on vaccine responses in <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> (<i>Sm</i>)-endemic Ugandan islands, measuring intestinal fatty acid-binding protein 2 (I-FABP2), lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, anti-endotoxin core antibodies (EndoCab), soluble CD14 (sCD14) in plasma, and faecal lipocalin-2, occult blood (FOB), and calprotectin (fCAL), and evaluating their associations with baseline helminth infection, praziquantel treatment, and responses to BCG, yellow fever, typhoid, HPV, and tetanus-diphtheria vaccines. <i>Sm</i> associated positively with fCAL and FOB, hookworm with I-FABP2, and any helminth with EndoCab IgM, fCAL and FOB. <i>Sm</i> associated inversely with sCD14. Praziquantel treatment reduced all marker concentrations, significantly fCAL and FOB, implying that <i>Sm</i>-associated gut inflammation and MT is reversible. Associations of assessed markers with vaccine-specific responses were predominantly inverse. Interventions to improve gut barrier function may enhance vaccine responsiveness.</p>

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Helminth driven gut inflammation and microbial translocation associate with altered vaccine responses in rural Uganda

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月26日

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  • Jacent Nassuuna,
  • Joas Sterk,
  • Bridgious Walusimbi,
  • Agnes Natukunda,
  • Ronald Nkangi,
  • Rebecca Amongin,
  • Ludoviko Zirimenya,
  • Emily L. Webb,
  • Alison M. Elliott,
  • Gyaviira Nkurunungi

摘要

Vaccine responses are sometimes impaired in rural, low-income settings. Helminth-associated gut barrier dysfunction and microbial translocation (MT) may be implicated. We used samples from a trial of praziquantel treatment-effects on vaccine responses in Schistosoma mansoni (Sm)-endemic Ugandan islands, measuring intestinal fatty acid-binding protein 2 (I-FABP2), lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, anti-endotoxin core antibodies (EndoCab), soluble CD14 (sCD14) in plasma, and faecal lipocalin-2, occult blood (FOB), and calprotectin (fCAL), and evaluating their associations with baseline helminth infection, praziquantel treatment, and responses to BCG, yellow fever, typhoid, HPV, and tetanus-diphtheria vaccines. Sm associated positively with fCAL and FOB, hookworm with I-FABP2, and any helminth with EndoCab IgM, fCAL and FOB. Sm associated inversely with sCD14. Praziquantel treatment reduced all marker concentrations, significantly fCAL and FOB, implying that Sm-associated gut inflammation and MT is reversible. Associations of assessed markers with vaccine-specific responses were predominantly inverse. Interventions to improve gut barrier function may enhance vaccine responsiveness.