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<p>Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a refractory inflammatory bowel disease characterized by gut microbiota dysbiosis and mucosal barrier disruption. <i>Sarcandra glabra</i> (Sg), a traditional herbal tea and dietary supplement, has been widely used to alleviate intestinal inflammation; however, its gut microbiota-dependent mechanism remains insufficiently clarified. In this study, Sg at 2, 4, and 8 g/kg was found to dose-dependently mitigate dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice, restore mucosal barrier integrity by upregulating tight junction proteins and enhancing mucin secretion, and reduce serum levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6. Integrative analysis of full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing, transcriptomics, and metabolomics data revealed that Sg reshaped gut microbiota, selectively enriching <i>Ligilactobacillus animalis</i> while depleting <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Proteus vulgaris</i>. We identified 8 microbiota-derived metabolites correlated with <i>Ligilactobacillus animalis</i> abundance, among which 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,3-DHBA) exhibited the strongest protective effect against DSS-induced NCM460 cell damage. Mechanistic studies indicated that 2,3-DHBA effectively inhibited the IL-6/SOCS3 pathway and restored tight junction protein expression, effects that were reversed by exogenous IL-6. These findings demonstrate that Sg enriches for <i>Ligilactobacillus animalis</i> and its metabolite 2,3-DHBA, which suppresses IL-6-driven inflammation and repairs mucosal damage, supporting its potential as a microbiome-targeted dietary adjunct for UC.</p>

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Sarcandra glabra alleviates intestinal injury via modulating gut microbiota and suppressing the IL-6/SOCS3 signaling pathway

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月1日

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  • Shaowei Huang,
  • Xiaomei Chi,
  • Siting Song,
  • Xinyi Gao,
  • Dedian Yu,
  • Wenbin Huang,
  • Jiayi Wang,
  • Lixia Chen,
  • Hua Li

摘要

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a refractory inflammatory bowel disease characterized by gut microbiota dysbiosis and mucosal barrier disruption. Sarcandra glabra (Sg), a traditional herbal tea and dietary supplement, has been widely used to alleviate intestinal inflammation; however, its gut microbiota-dependent mechanism remains insufficiently clarified. In this study, Sg at 2, 4, and 8 g/kg was found to dose-dependently mitigate dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice, restore mucosal barrier integrity by upregulating tight junction proteins and enhancing mucin secretion, and reduce serum levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6. Integrative analysis of full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing, transcriptomics, and metabolomics data revealed that Sg reshaped gut microbiota, selectively enriching Ligilactobacillus animalis while depleting Escherichia coli and Proteus vulgaris. We identified 8 microbiota-derived metabolites correlated with Ligilactobacillus animalis abundance, among which 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,3-DHBA) exhibited the strongest protective effect against DSS-induced NCM460 cell damage. Mechanistic studies indicated that 2,3-DHBA effectively inhibited the IL-6/SOCS3 pathway and restored tight junction protein expression, effects that were reversed by exogenous IL-6. These findings demonstrate that Sg enriches for Ligilactobacillus animalis and its metabolite 2,3-DHBA, which suppresses IL-6-driven inflammation and repairs mucosal damage, supporting its potential as a microbiome-targeted dietary adjunct for UC.