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<p>We investigate multiparameter quantum estimation protocols based on measurement-after-interaction (MAI) strategies, in which the probe state undergoes an additional evolution prior to linear measurements. As we show in our study, this extra evolution enables different level of advantages depending on whether it is implemented locally or nonlocally across the sensing nodes. By benchmarking MAI strategies in both discrete- and continuous-variable systems, we show that they can significantly enhance multiparameter sensitivity and robustness against detection noise, particularly when non-Gaussian probe states are employed, cases where standard linear measurements are often insufficient. We also derive analytical results for multiparameter squeezing and establish the corresponding scaling laws for spin-squeezed states, demonstrating that MAI protocols can reach the Heisenberg scaling. These results can be implemented in state-of-the-art experimental platforms involving atomic ensembles or optical fields.</p>

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Distributed quantum sensing with measurement-after-interaction strategies

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月3日

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  • Jiajie Guo,
  • Shuheng Liu,
  • Matteo Fadel,
  • Qiongyi He

摘要

We investigate multiparameter quantum estimation protocols based on measurement-after-interaction (MAI) strategies, in which the probe state undergoes an additional evolution prior to linear measurements. As we show in our study, this extra evolution enables different level of advantages depending on whether it is implemented locally or nonlocally across the sensing nodes. By benchmarking MAI strategies in both discrete- and continuous-variable systems, we show that they can significantly enhance multiparameter sensitivity and robustness against detection noise, particularly when non-Gaussian probe states are employed, cases where standard linear measurements are often insufficient. We also derive analytical results for multiparameter squeezing and establish the corresponding scaling laws for spin-squeezed states, demonstrating that MAI protocols can reach the Heisenberg scaling. These results can be implemented in state-of-the-art experimental platforms involving atomic ensembles or optical fields.