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<p>This population-based longitudinal cohort study examines the association between ambient air pollution (PM<sub>2.5</sub> and NO<sub>2</sub>) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) using a 28% representative sample of Northern Ireland’s population (2009–2016). We matched complete address records to annual average PM<sub>2.5</sub> and NO<sub>2</sub> concentrations at a 1 km grid level and tracked PD onset via first receipt of PD medication. After controlling for confounding factors at individual, household, and neighbourhood levels, we found no association between medium-term PM<sub>2.5</sub> or NO<sub>2</sub> exposure and PD onset in the overall cohort, over-50s, or sex-stratified samples. However, a positive association was observed between PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure and PD onset in those under 50 in 2011, with weaker evidence for NO<sub>2</sub>. We discuss potential etiological and non-etiological explanations for this age-related difference.</p>

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Exposure to ambient air pollution and onset of Parkinson’s disease in a large cohort study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月14日

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  • Babak Jahanshahi,
  • Duncan McVicar,
  • Neil Rowland

摘要

This population-based longitudinal cohort study examines the association between ambient air pollution (PM2.5 and NO2) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) using a 28% representative sample of Northern Ireland’s population (2009–2016). We matched complete address records to annual average PM2.5 and NO2 concentrations at a 1 km grid level and tracked PD onset via first receipt of PD medication. After controlling for confounding factors at individual, household, and neighbourhood levels, we found no association between medium-term PM2.5 or NO2 exposure and PD onset in the overall cohort, over-50s, or sex-stratified samples. However, a positive association was observed between PM2.5 exposure and PD onset in those under 50 in 2011, with weaker evidence for NO2. We discuss potential etiological and non-etiological explanations for this age-related difference.