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<p>Using multi-omics tools, we discovered new antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and examined AMP-microbial interactions in three Appalachian salamander species (<i>Plethodon cinereus</i>, <i>Eurycea bislineata</i> and <i>Notophthalmus viridescens</i>). We conducted skin transcriptomics (<i>n</i> = 13) and proteomics (<i>n</i> = 91) to identify 200+ candidate AMPs. With candidate AMPs, we identified correlations with skin microbiomes and synthesized 20 peptides to challenge against pathogens of amphibians (<i>Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis: Bd</i>) and humans (ESKAPEE). Using transcriptomics, candidate AMPs were detected in all individuals with Cathelidicins being most common. Using proteomics, AMPs were found in 34% of individuals (31/91)—predominately <i>E. bislineata</i>—with Kinin-like peptides being most common. Candidate AMP composition generally predicted skin bacterial composition, suggesting that AMPs influence host-microbial symbioses. Crude and synthesized peptides showed limited activity against Bd. Two synthesized Cathelicidins (Pcin-CATH3 and Pcin-CATH5) inhibited human pathogens, <i>Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i>. Our findings inform the potential usage of AMPs in conservation and translational applications.</p>

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Novel antimicrobial peptides and peptide-microbiome crosstalk in Appalachian salamander skin

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月20日

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  • Carly R. Muletz-Wolz,
  • Julian Urrutia-Carter,
  • Owen Osborne,
  • Steve Kutos,
  • Jose Meneses Montano,
  • Joseph D. Madison,
  • Brian Gratwicke,
  • Ratanachat Racharaks,
  • Norma E. Roncal,
  • Randall R. Jimenez,
  • Amy Ellison,
  • Timothy P. Cleland

摘要

Using multi-omics tools, we discovered new antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and examined AMP-microbial interactions in three Appalachian salamander species (Plethodon cinereus, Eurycea bislineata and Notophthalmus viridescens). We conducted skin transcriptomics (n = 13) and proteomics (n = 91) to identify 200+ candidate AMPs. With candidate AMPs, we identified correlations with skin microbiomes and synthesized 20 peptides to challenge against pathogens of amphibians (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis: Bd) and humans (ESKAPEE). Using transcriptomics, candidate AMPs were detected in all individuals with Cathelidicins being most common. Using proteomics, AMPs were found in 34% of individuals (31/91)—predominately E. bislineata—with Kinin-like peptides being most common. Candidate AMP composition generally predicted skin bacterial composition, suggesting that AMPs influence host-microbial symbioses. Crude and synthesized peptides showed limited activity against Bd. Two synthesized Cathelicidins (Pcin-CATH3 and Pcin-CATH5) inhibited human pathogens, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. Our findings inform the potential usage of AMPs in conservation and translational applications.