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<p>Considerable off-season farmland lies fallow because few crops can profitably fit between primary crops. As a remedy, we performed de novo domestication of the freeze-tolerant, rapid-cycling wild brassica <i>Thlaspi arvense</i> L. (field pennycress), identifying and stacking CRISPR–Cas9-induced mutations that have minimal impacts on seed yields. High-yielding varieties were created with seed compositions such as ‘double-low’ canola (low erucic acid and reduced glucosinolate) and reduced seed fibre content. Seed glucosinolate content was reduced by 75% by combining mutations in <i>R2R3-MYB</i> (<i>MYB28</i>/<i>HAG1</i>) and basic helix–loop–helix <i>MYC</i> (<i>MYC3</i>) transcription factors. Pennycress weediness was greatly reduced by knockout of the basic helix–loop–helix transcription factor <i>TRANSPARENT TESTA8</i> (<i>TT8</i>), which lowered seed dormancy and seed coat protections, thereby mitigating re-emergence in fields. Domesticated pennycress offers farmers a low-carbon-intensity intermediate crop that fits between two full-season summer crops, resulting in three cash crops in 2 years, conferring cover-crop-like ecosystem benefits while producing grain for renewable fuels and enhanced food security.</p>

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Creating a new oilseed crop, pennycress, by combining key domestication traits using CRISPR genome editing

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月22日

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  • Barsanti Gautam,
  • Brice A. Jarvis,
  • Maliheh Esfahanian,
  • Michaela McGinn,
  • Dalton Williams,
  • Shengjun Liu,
  • Mary E. Phippen,
  • Nicholas J. Heller,
  • Tad L. Wesley,
  • Winthrop B. Phippen,
  • Tim Ulmasov,
  • M. David Marks,
  • Ratan Chopra,
  • John C. Sedbrook

摘要

Considerable off-season farmland lies fallow because few crops can profitably fit between primary crops. As a remedy, we performed de novo domestication of the freeze-tolerant, rapid-cycling wild brassica Thlaspi arvense L. (field pennycress), identifying and stacking CRISPR–Cas9-induced mutations that have minimal impacts on seed yields. High-yielding varieties were created with seed compositions such as ‘double-low’ canola (low erucic acid and reduced glucosinolate) and reduced seed fibre content. Seed glucosinolate content was reduced by 75% by combining mutations in R2R3-MYB (MYB28/HAG1) and basic helix–loop–helix MYC (MYC3) transcription factors. Pennycress weediness was greatly reduced by knockout of the basic helix–loop–helix transcription factor TRANSPARENT TESTA8 (TT8), which lowered seed dormancy and seed coat protections, thereby mitigating re-emergence in fields. Domesticated pennycress offers farmers a low-carbon-intensity intermediate crop that fits between two full-season summer crops, resulting in three cash crops in 2 years, conferring cover-crop-like ecosystem benefits while producing grain for renewable fuels and enhanced food security.