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<p>The cultivation and domestication of roses reflects cultural exchanges and shifts in aesthetics that have resulted in today’s most popular ornamental plant group. However, the narrow genetic foundation of cultivated roses limits their further improvement. Wild <i>Rosa</i> species harbour vast genetic diversity, yet their utilization is impeded by taxonomic confusion. Here we generated a phased and gap-free reference genome of <i>Rosa persica</i> for phylogenetic and population genomic analyses of a large collection of <i>Rosa</i> samples. The robust nuclear and plastid phylogenies support most of the morphology-based traditional taxonomy of <i>Rosa</i>. Population genomic analyses disclosed potential genetic exchanges among sections, indicating the northwest and southwest of China as two independent centres of diversity for <i>Rosa</i>. Analyses of domestication traits provide insights into selection processes related to flower colour, fragrance, double flower and resistance. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of rose domestication and lays a solid foundation for future re-domestication and innovative breeding efforts using wild resources.</p>

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Phenotypic and genomic signatures across wild Rosa species open new horizons for modern rose breeding

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月4日

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  • Bixuan Cheng,
  • Kai Zhao,
  • Meichun Zhou,
  • Peter M. Bourke,
  • Lijun Zhou,
  • Sihui Wu,
  • Yanlin Sun,
  • Lifang Geng,
  • Wenting Du,
  • Chenyang Yang,
  • Juntong Chen,
  • Runhuan Huang,
  • Xiaoling Tian,
  • Lei Zhang,
  • He Huang,
  • Yu Han,
  • Huitang Pan,
  • Qixiang Zhang,
  • Le Luo,
  • Chao Yu

摘要

The cultivation and domestication of roses reflects cultural exchanges and shifts in aesthetics that have resulted in today’s most popular ornamental plant group. However, the narrow genetic foundation of cultivated roses limits their further improvement. Wild Rosa species harbour vast genetic diversity, yet their utilization is impeded by taxonomic confusion. Here we generated a phased and gap-free reference genome of Rosa persica for phylogenetic and population genomic analyses of a large collection of Rosa samples. The robust nuclear and plastid phylogenies support most of the morphology-based traditional taxonomy of Rosa. Population genomic analyses disclosed potential genetic exchanges among sections, indicating the northwest and southwest of China as two independent centres of diversity for Rosa. Analyses of domestication traits provide insights into selection processes related to flower colour, fragrance, double flower and resistance. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of rose domestication and lays a solid foundation for future re-domestication and innovative breeding efforts using wild resources.