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<p>Parthenocarpy is a pivotal trait that enhances the yield and quality of fruit crops by enabling the development of seedless fruits. Here we unveil a molecular framework for the regulation and domestication of parthenocarpy in cucumber (<i>Cucumis sativus</i> L.). We previously discovered a natural non-parthenocarpic mutant and demonstrated that the AP2-like transcription factor NON-PARTHENOCARPIC FRUIT 1 (NPF1) is a central regulator of parthenocarpy through activating <i>YUC4</i> expression and promoting auxin biosynthesis in ovules. A Phe-to-Ser substitution at amino acid residue 7 results in a stable form of NPF1 that is localized in the nucleus. An A-to-G polymorphism (SNP-383) within an NPF1-binding site in the <i>YUC4</i> promoter significantly enhances the activation of NPF1 towards <i>YUC4</i>, leading to an increased rate of parthenocarpy. Additionally, NPF1 influences bitterness by reducing cucurbitacin C biosynthesis through the suppression of <i>Bt</i> expression. Our results suggest a two-step evolutionary model for parthenocarpy and fruit bitterness during cucumber domestication.</p>

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Molecular regulation and domestication of parthenocarpy in cucumber

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月15日

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  • Jing Nie,
  • Hongyu Huang,
  • Sheng Wu,
  • Tao Lin,
  • Lidong Zhang,
  • Lijun Lv,
  • Yuzi Shi,
  • Yicong Guo,
  • Qian Zhang,
  • Yuhe Li,
  • Weiliang Kong,
  • Hujian Li,
  • Zhen Yang,
  • Wenbo Li,
  • Lingjun Xu,
  • Nan Ma,
  • Zhonghua Zhang,
  • Chuanqing Sun,
  • Xiaolei Sui

摘要

Parthenocarpy is a pivotal trait that enhances the yield and quality of fruit crops by enabling the development of seedless fruits. Here we unveil a molecular framework for the regulation and domestication of parthenocarpy in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). We previously discovered a natural non-parthenocarpic mutant and demonstrated that the AP2-like transcription factor NON-PARTHENOCARPIC FRUIT 1 (NPF1) is a central regulator of parthenocarpy through activating YUC4 expression and promoting auxin biosynthesis in ovules. A Phe-to-Ser substitution at amino acid residue 7 results in a stable form of NPF1 that is localized in the nucleus. An A-to-G polymorphism (SNP-383) within an NPF1-binding site in the YUC4 promoter significantly enhances the activation of NPF1 towards YUC4, leading to an increased rate of parthenocarpy. Additionally, NPF1 influences bitterness by reducing cucurbitacin C biosynthesis through the suppression of Bt expression. Our results suggest a two-step evolutionary model for parthenocarpy and fruit bitterness during cucumber domestication.