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<p>Dissipation can drive striking dynamics in quantum systems. A recent discovery is the non-Hermitian edge burst, where energy density transiently accumulates near boundaries rather than decaying uniformly. Previously observed in single-particle settings, this effect remains unexplored in interacting multi-particle systems, as tunable interactions are difficult to realize in conventional platforms, and non-Hermitian simulation is demanding on quantum processors. Here, we develop a framework for digital non-Hermitian Hamiltonian simulation that composes a linear-combination-of-unitaries scheme and product formulae. The method is efficient in classical preprocessing costs and circuit sizes. Implementing an interacting quantum ladder model on a superconducting quantum processor, we observe edge-burst signatures in up to 64 unit cells, directly probe dissipative-gap closing, and identify interaction-driven phenomena: spatially extended and patterned edge bursts, and cluster bursts in the bulk. Our study establishes digital quantum processors as a versatile platform for non-Hermitian physics.</p>

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Interacting non-Hermitian edge and cluster bursts on a digital quantum processor

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月28日

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  • Jin Ming Koh,
  • Wen-Tan Xue,
  • Tommy Tai,
  • Dax Enshan Koh,
  • Ching Hua Lee

摘要

Dissipation can drive striking dynamics in quantum systems. A recent discovery is the non-Hermitian edge burst, where energy density transiently accumulates near boundaries rather than decaying uniformly. Previously observed in single-particle settings, this effect remains unexplored in interacting multi-particle systems, as tunable interactions are difficult to realize in conventional platforms, and non-Hermitian simulation is demanding on quantum processors. Here, we develop a framework for digital non-Hermitian Hamiltonian simulation that composes a linear-combination-of-unitaries scheme and product formulae. The method is efficient in classical preprocessing costs and circuit sizes. Implementing an interacting quantum ladder model on a superconducting quantum processor, we observe edge-burst signatures in up to 64 unit cells, directly probe dissipative-gap closing, and identify interaction-driven phenomena: spatially extended and patterned edge bursts, and cluster bursts in the bulk. Our study establishes digital quantum processors as a versatile platform for non-Hermitian physics.