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<p>On-chip hollow-core waveguides enable strong light-matter interaction in gases and liquids with high integration density, yet limited side access to the core restricts their use in diffusion-driven processes. We introduce a distinct class of on-chip hollow-core waveguides that confines light in a scaffold membrane geometry composed predominantly of air, reaching cladding-openness fraction up to 80% while maintaining optical losses comparable to fully enclosed waveguides. Light guidance in the photonic scaffold is enabled by the combination of anti-resonant confinement with Bloch-mode formation in a segmented structure. High-precision 3D nanoprinting, extensive optical characterization and a resonator-based theoretical model confirm the guiding principle and loss behavior. We demonstrate application relevance through enhanced molecular diffusion, highly integrated optofluidic spectroscopy, and efficient single-photon transmission enabled by the open scaffold geometry and air-dominant guidance.</p>

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Photonic scaffolds as ultrahigh-openness on-chip hollow-core waveguides for quantum photonics and optofluidics

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月28日

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  • Wenqin Huang,
  • Diana Pereira,
  • Matthias Zeisberger,
  • Hala Said,
  • Esteban Gómez-López,
  • Jun Sun,
  • Oliver Benson,
  • Markus A. Schmidt

摘要

On-chip hollow-core waveguides enable strong light-matter interaction in gases and liquids with high integration density, yet limited side access to the core restricts their use in diffusion-driven processes. We introduce a distinct class of on-chip hollow-core waveguides that confines light in a scaffold membrane geometry composed predominantly of air, reaching cladding-openness fraction up to 80% while maintaining optical losses comparable to fully enclosed waveguides. Light guidance in the photonic scaffold is enabled by the combination of anti-resonant confinement with Bloch-mode formation in a segmented structure. High-precision 3D nanoprinting, extensive optical characterization and a resonator-based theoretical model confirm the guiding principle and loss behavior. We demonstrate application relevance through enhanced molecular diffusion, highly integrated optofluidic spectroscopy, and efficient single-photon transmission enabled by the open scaffold geometry and air-dominant guidance.