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<p>Whether tropical cyclone (TC) activity prevailed during the Late Paleozoic Ice Age (LPIA)—the longest icehouse of the Phanerozoic—remains debated, owing to the paucity and ambiguity of sedimentary evidence. To help resolve this conflict, we combine a global compilation of 126 storm records spanning the LPIA ( ~ 360–260 Ma) with high-resolution (~25-km) TC-resolving simulations. We reveal a quasi-symmetric meridional distribution of TC genesis across the tropics during the LPIA, with TC tracks extending into high latitudes (&gt;60°N/°S). This pattern aligns with the compiled widespread storm deposits from subtropical and tropical regions. During CO₂-driven glacial–interglacial transitions within the LPIA, we observe reduced global TC frequency and enhanced intensity, coinciding with poleward shifts in TC activity. The shifts are linked to spatially heterogeneous warming patterns and associated changes in atmospheric circulation. Our results help reconcile controversies regarding icehouse TC behavior and highlight that warming-induced poleward migration of TC activity is likely a climate state-independent characteristic of the Earth system.</p>

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Widespread tropical cyclone activity during the Late Paleozoic Ice Age

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月21日

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  • Qing Yan,
  • Sophia Macarewich,
  • Nanxuan Jiang,
  • David B. Kemp,
  • Dubin Huan,
  • Christopher J. Poulsen,
  • Jinzhe Zhang,
  • Zhongshi Zhang,
  • Huijun Wang

摘要

Whether tropical cyclone (TC) activity prevailed during the Late Paleozoic Ice Age (LPIA)—the longest icehouse of the Phanerozoic—remains debated, owing to the paucity and ambiguity of sedimentary evidence. To help resolve this conflict, we combine a global compilation of 126 storm records spanning the LPIA ( ~ 360–260 Ma) with high-resolution (~25-km) TC-resolving simulations. We reveal a quasi-symmetric meridional distribution of TC genesis across the tropics during the LPIA, with TC tracks extending into high latitudes (>60°N/°S). This pattern aligns with the compiled widespread storm deposits from subtropical and tropical regions. During CO₂-driven glacial–interglacial transitions within the LPIA, we observe reduced global TC frequency and enhanced intensity, coinciding with poleward shifts in TC activity. The shifts are linked to spatially heterogeneous warming patterns and associated changes in atmospheric circulation. Our results help reconcile controversies regarding icehouse TC behavior and highlight that warming-induced poleward migration of TC activity is likely a climate state-independent characteristic of the Earth system.