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<p>The spin Seebeck effect enables thermoelectric conversion through thermally generated spin currents in magnetic materials, offering a promising transverse geometry for scalable devices. However, conventional spin Seebeck devices are confined to nanoscale thin-film architectures, with significantly restricted output power due to the intrinsic constraints of spin and magnon diffusion lengths. Here, we demonstrate a trans-scale spin Seebeck effect using nanostructured bulk composites composed of Pt-coated yttrium iron garnet powders fabricated via dynamic powder sputtering and low-temperature sintering. The resulting three-dimensional composites exhibit continuous Pt channels and robust mechanical integrity. Transverse thermoelectric measurements reveal isotropic spin Seebeck signals at the bulk scale. Power analysis indicates that the three-dimensional architecture enables scalable volumetric thermoelectric power generation beyond diffusion-limited thin-film spin Seebeck geometries. This work establishes a scalable platform for spin Seebeck thermoelectric conversion, bridging nanoscale spin caloritronics with macroscopic device integration.</p>

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Trans-scale spin Seebeck effect in nanostructured bulk composites based on magnetic insulator

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月21日

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  • Sang J. Park,
  • Keisuke Hirata,
  • Hossein Sepehri-Amin,
  • Fuyuki Ando,
  • Takamasa Hirai,
  • Ken-ichi Uchida

摘要

The spin Seebeck effect enables thermoelectric conversion through thermally generated spin currents in magnetic materials, offering a promising transverse geometry for scalable devices. However, conventional spin Seebeck devices are confined to nanoscale thin-film architectures, with significantly restricted output power due to the intrinsic constraints of spin and magnon diffusion lengths. Here, we demonstrate a trans-scale spin Seebeck effect using nanostructured bulk composites composed of Pt-coated yttrium iron garnet powders fabricated via dynamic powder sputtering and low-temperature sintering. The resulting three-dimensional composites exhibit continuous Pt channels and robust mechanical integrity. Transverse thermoelectric measurements reveal isotropic spin Seebeck signals at the bulk scale. Power analysis indicates that the three-dimensional architecture enables scalable volumetric thermoelectric power generation beyond diffusion-limited thin-film spin Seebeck geometries. This work establishes a scalable platform for spin Seebeck thermoelectric conversion, bridging nanoscale spin caloritronics with macroscopic device integration.