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<p>Microvascular invasion (MVI) is a key prognostic factor in hepatocellular carcinoma but is currently only detectable after surgery. Here, we develop MAPUSE, a deep learning model using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) to predict MVI non-invasively. We train and test the model on 5148 CEUS videos from 1716 patients across multiple centers. Results show that MAPUSE achieves accurate MVI prediction (AUCs 0.835-0.978) across different tumor sizes, contrast agents, and prospective validations. Transcriptomic analysis links the model’s predictions to CD8 + T cell immune infiltration, confirmed via the model’s attention maps. In a clinical cohort, patients predicted as MVI-positive can benefit from post-ablation immunotherapy. MAPUSE thus enables preoperative, non-invasive MVI assessment and provides insights into the tumor immune microenvironment, offering a valuable tool for clinical decision-making.</p>

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Prediction of microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma using contrast-enhanced ultrasound and deep learning

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月10日

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  • Chuan Pang,
  • Jinyu Ru,
  • Yue Liu,
  • Wenzhen Ding,
  • Suwan Chai,
  • Jundong Yao,
  • Shuhong Liu,
  • Hui Feng,
  • Jing Liu,
  • Min Chen,
  • Ming Kuang,
  • Shuling Chen,
  • Minghua Ying,
  • Jinghan Yang,
  • Chaonan Chen,
  • Xiaoling Yu,
  • Haoyan Zhang,
  • Xiaopeng Gao,
  • Jie Tian,
  • Kun Wang,
  • Jie Yu,
  • Ping Liang

摘要

Microvascular invasion (MVI) is a key prognostic factor in hepatocellular carcinoma but is currently only detectable after surgery. Here, we develop MAPUSE, a deep learning model using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) to predict MVI non-invasively. We train and test the model on 5148 CEUS videos from 1716 patients across multiple centers. Results show that MAPUSE achieves accurate MVI prediction (AUCs 0.835-0.978) across different tumor sizes, contrast agents, and prospective validations. Transcriptomic analysis links the model’s predictions to CD8 + T cell immune infiltration, confirmed via the model’s attention maps. In a clinical cohort, patients predicted as MVI-positive can benefit from post-ablation immunotherapy. MAPUSE thus enables preoperative, non-invasive MVI assessment and provides insights into the tumor immune microenvironment, offering a valuable tool for clinical decision-making.