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<p>Electrochemical reactions are generally accompanied by mechanical evolutions, which, in turn, play a critical role in the performance of the electrochemical system. In aqueous Zn||MnO<sub>2</sub> batteries, the intrinsically structural instability of MnO<sub>2</sub> and rampant side reactions create considerable strain/stress changes in operation. However, the electrochemistry-mechanics-performance relationship of the Zn||MnO<sub>2</sub> cell is still missing. Herein, we decode the electrochemomechanical interplay of Zn||β-MnO<sub>2</sub> pouch cells with different electrolytes via optical fiber sensors. The operando stress monitoring provides proof of the prevailing proton intercalation and Mn dissolution/deposition mechanisms in the system, where the basic zinc salts play a dominant role in stress evolution. Additionally, the non-monotonic stress variation during discharge implies Zn-compensated reaction. For cycling ageing, a negative correlation is found between early stress amplitudes and capacity retention in long cycles. For calendar ageing, greater stress variation during open-circuit ageing is linked with more severe self-discharge. Altogether, this work provides a deep understanding of the electrochemistry-mechanics-performance correlation in aqueous Zn||MnO<sub>2</sub> batteries, offering additional tools for electrolyte screening and battery design.</p>

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Deciphering electrochemomechanical interplay in rechargeable aqueous Zn||MnO2 batteries

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月16日

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  • Canbin Deng,
  • Yizhan Xie,
  • Jiayue Tang,
  • Xibin Lu,
  • Yiqing Li,
  • Lu-Tao Weng,
  • Biao Li,
  • Kaikai Li,
  • Jiaqiang Huang

摘要

Electrochemical reactions are generally accompanied by mechanical evolutions, which, in turn, play a critical role in the performance of the electrochemical system. In aqueous Zn||MnO2 batteries, the intrinsically structural instability of MnO2 and rampant side reactions create considerable strain/stress changes in operation. However, the electrochemistry-mechanics-performance relationship of the Zn||MnO2 cell is still missing. Herein, we decode the electrochemomechanical interplay of Zn||β-MnO2 pouch cells with different electrolytes via optical fiber sensors. The operando stress monitoring provides proof of the prevailing proton intercalation and Mn dissolution/deposition mechanisms in the system, where the basic zinc salts play a dominant role in stress evolution. Additionally, the non-monotonic stress variation during discharge implies Zn-compensated reaction. For cycling ageing, a negative correlation is found between early stress amplitudes and capacity retention in long cycles. For calendar ageing, greater stress variation during open-circuit ageing is linked with more severe self-discharge. Altogether, this work provides a deep understanding of the electrochemistry-mechanics-performance correlation in aqueous Zn||MnO2 batteries, offering additional tools for electrolyte screening and battery design.