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<p>Dielectric ceramic capacitors with ultrahigh power density have become essential in modern power electronics. Guided by phase-field simulations and experiments, we propose a “local ferroelectric–global superparaelectric” strategy. This approach enhances P<sub>m</sub> by introducing local ferroelectric polarization within a superparaelectric matrix, enabling superior energy storage performance. Introducing strong ferroelectric PbTiO₃ into a (Bi<sub>0.2</sub>Na<sub>0.2</sub>K<sub>0.2</sub>La<sub>0.2</sub>Sr<sub>0.2</sub>)Ti<sub>0.9</sub>Zr<sub>0.1</sub>O<sub>3</sub> high-entropy superparaelectric achieves an ultrahigh energy storage density of ~21 J/cm³ with an efficiency of ~87% at 110 kV/mm. Multiscale structural characterization and theoretical calculations reveal the atomic-scale mechanism for this performance enhancement. At ≤ 30% PbTiO<sub>3</sub>, the Pb<sup>2+</sup> lone pair effect is locally confined, boosting local ferroelectric distortion while maintaining a superparaelectric average structure for superior energy storage. At 40-50%, this effect extends throughout the matrix, inducing submicro-scale domains and macroscopic piezoelectricity. This work presents a design and material system for high-performance energy storage ceramics, laying the theoretical foundation for advanced high-entropy ferroelectric applications.</p>

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Enhanced energy storage in high-entropy superparaelectrics via local ferroelectric polarization

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月8日

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  • Tongxin Wei,
  • Jinzhu Zou,
  • Miao Song,
  • Kai Zhu,
  • Zhongna Yan,
  • Zhifang Zhou,
  • Xuefan Zhou,
  • Kechao Zhou,
  • Shujun Zhang,
  • Dou Zhang

摘要

Dielectric ceramic capacitors with ultrahigh power density have become essential in modern power electronics. Guided by phase-field simulations and experiments, we propose a “local ferroelectric–global superparaelectric” strategy. This approach enhances Pm by introducing local ferroelectric polarization within a superparaelectric matrix, enabling superior energy storage performance. Introducing strong ferroelectric PbTiO₃ into a (Bi0.2Na0.2K0.2La0.2Sr0.2)Ti0.9Zr0.1O3 high-entropy superparaelectric achieves an ultrahigh energy storage density of ~21 J/cm³ with an efficiency of ~87% at 110 kV/mm. Multiscale structural characterization and theoretical calculations reveal the atomic-scale mechanism for this performance enhancement. At ≤ 30% PbTiO3, the Pb2+ lone pair effect is locally confined, boosting local ferroelectric distortion while maintaining a superparaelectric average structure for superior energy storage. At 40-50%, this effect extends throughout the matrix, inducing submicro-scale domains and macroscopic piezoelectricity. This work presents a design and material system for high-performance energy storage ceramics, laying the theoretical foundation for advanced high-entropy ferroelectric applications.